Securitization
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 424.
Kazakhs in GULAG
Controversy
Great Patriotic war 1941-1945
Êòî ïîñÿãíåò íà ìîè ÷óâñòâà, ðåëèãèþ, çåìëþ, íàðîä – òîò è áóäåò ìîèì âðàãîì. Îò òàêîé áîðüáû ÿ íèêîãäà íå îòêàæóñü.
1. Front lines; 2. Guerrilla fighters; 3. European Resistance; 4. Underground resistance in the occupation zones; 5. Labor Army; 6. Fields and factories
1. Turkestan legion
2. Collaborators with Nazis
3. Defectors after WWII- those who stayed in Western Europe or moved to Turkey, and acted as agents of western anti-soviet propaganda, instrument - Radio Free Europe, and its affiliate- Azattyq
domestic war against the people during the WWII
4. GULAG activities during the WWII on the territory of Kazakhstan- KARLAG, STEPLAG, ALZHIR
5. Ethnic cleansings and deportations during the war- Kalmyks, Germans, Greeks, Poles, Kurds, Turks-Meskhetians, Moldovans, Chechens, Balkars, Karachais, West Ukranians
6. Dissidents in Kazakh SSR (disagreed with the soviet regime)
7. December 1986 events participants
• 17 123 (1,30 %) by 1 January 1939.
• By 1951- 25 906 (12 554/13 352 — 1,03 %)
• Objects built by GULAG prisoners and deported peoples in Kazakhstan- Zhezkazgan, Balkhash, Karaganda infrastructure, rail ways link- Balkhash-Karaganda-
Security concerns dominate in decisions-making in domestic and foreign policy.
Aspects:
1) closed/tabooed topics – tribalism, ethnic and racial problems, president and his family, military issues and defense budget.
2) special status to some settlements- closed cities
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