Water Bodies

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 378.

Relief

England

England is the largest part of the UK. It occupies the largest part of the island of Great Britain. It borders on Scotland in the north and on Wales in the west.

Capital - London, which is also the capital of the whole country

Symbol - the rose

Patron saint - St George

Flag – the upright red cross on a white background

England is narrow in the north, but it widens in the south with East Anglia in the east and Cornwall in the west.

Adjoining the Southern Uplands region along the boundary with England are the Cheviot Hills, which form the natural border between England and Scotland.

The main mountain range in England is the Pennines (or the Pennine Chain). They extend southwards from the Cheviot Hills the Midlands. These mountains are also called ‘the backbone of England'.

Along this mountain chain one can find a number of national parks. One of them is Yorkshire Dales National Park (dale – valley).

Another part of the Pennines is the Peak District, which is an area of caves, hills, valleys and moors. It has been a national park since 1951 and is very popular with people who enjoy walking and climbing.

To the west of the Pennines are the Cumbrian Mountains (Камберлендские горы). Here is Lake District – one of the loveliest parts of England, famous for its scenery, hills and beautiful lakes. It is also one of the most scenic areas of England, its many lakes, or meres, mountain tarns and streams, waterfalls, bleak fells, and craggy mountains offer a variety of scenery unmatched elsewhere in the country.

Scafell Pike (978 m/3,209 ft), in the west of the Lake District is the highest point in England.

In the south we find the Cotswolds a range of limestone hills extending about 80 km (50 mi) north-east of Bath.

Some areas in the south of England are called Downs. This is a system of rolling chalk hills south of the Thames River, of which the best known are the North Downs and the South Downs. Both ridges extend from a series of hills, the Western Downs however in fact they are hills. This paradox can be easily explained. In the Celtic language the word ‘Down' meant ‘hill'.

Dartmoor is another large wild open hilly area in southwest England. It also comprises a national park.

The Chilterns or the Chiltern Hills is a large range of hills between Oxford and London. They are well-known for their attractive scenery.

The eastern part of England is mostly flat.

The Fens is a region of reclaimed marshland in eastern England, surrounding the Wash. Also sometimes known as Fenland or the Fen Country, the Fens have an area of approximately 2,000 sq km.

The longest river in England is the Severn. It rises in the Cambrian Mountains and flows through the west Midlands into the Bristol Channel. The river Thames is the busiest one in England. It flows through London and into the English Channel. Other important rivers in England are the Trent, the Mersey, the Tyne, the Avon, the Great Ouse.

As it has already been said, the lakes of England are located in the Lake District in the Cumbrian Mountains. The largest lake here is Lake Windermere.

The most important cities of England are Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and Birmingham. Liverpool, Coventry and some others.

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_this lake. Wales

Wales is situated in the western part of the island of Great Britain. Wales is a principality (a country ruled by a prince). The title of the Prince of Wales is traditionally given to the monarch's eldest son.

Wales is united politically, legally, and administratively with England. Wales also includes the island of Anglesey, which is separated from the mainland by the narrow Menai Strait.

Capital - Cardiff

Symbol - the leek of the daffodil

Patron saint – St David

Flag – horizontal division into 2 parts, red and green, against which there's a figure of a lion