MOUNTAIN BUILDING (R.P – 8.2.7, 8.2.8, 8.2.9)
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 536.
Pay attention to the terms and expressions in bold
Vocabulary
COMPREHENSION
PART 2: CONTINENTAL CRUST
Pay attention to the pronunciation of the geographical terms and especially to the pronunciation of numbers (R.P.-8.2.3)
| Tethyan (Alpine-Himalayan) | Aleutian Islands |
| Circum-Pacific | The Andes |
| Ural Mountains | The Alps |
| Cordillera |
| plateau | плато, плоскогорье |
| range (ranges) | горный хребет (горная страна) |
| mountain chain (range) | горная цепь |
| mountain system | горная система |
| orogenesis | орогенез; горообразование |
| to disrupt | нарушать |
| mobile belt | подвижный пояс |
| lithospheric plate | литосферная плита |
| crustal deformation | деформация земной коры |
| mountain building | горообразование |
| orogen | ороген, горно-складчатое сооружение |
| orogenic | орогенический; горообразующий |
| uplift | поднятие (участка земной коры) |
| to weld (together) | соединять |
| scrap | скрап; обломок |
| to sweep | перемещать; сносить |
| terrane | террейн |
| to squeeze | сдавливать; выжимать |
| to bob up | возникать |
| to ruck up | нагромождать, собирать(ся) складками |
| to shrink | сокращать |
| alien rock | «чуждые» породы |
Large regions of the Earth consist of mountains. Most occur in rows called ranges. Parallel ranges and intervening plateaus form chains such as the Andes and North American Cordillera. Related mountain chains and ranges make up mountain systems, notably the Tethyan (Alpine-Himalayan) and Circum-Pacific systems.
Orogenesis, or mountain building, occurs along mobile belts – places where colliding lithospheric plates disrupt the continental crust. Such mountain-building belts are known as orogens and orogenic belts are belts of fold mountains – mountains created by crustal deformation and uplift. Geologically recent orogenic belts mostly rim continents. But ancient orogenic belts (the Ural Mountains for example) can occur deep inside a continent where lithospheric plates were welded together long ago.
| <== previous lecture | | | next lecture ==> |
| Fig. 45 Three types of plate boundaries | | | Fig. 46 Mountain building |