A. Simple sentence. Classification

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 561.

SYNTAX. SIMPLE SENTENCE. SUBJECT.

Part II. SYNTAX

According to the purpose of the utterance:

1. declarative, or : a. _____________, b. negative;

2. , or questions: a. general (yes/no-questions), b. special

(wh-questions), c.alternative (or-questions), d. disjunctive (tag-questions);

3. , or commands;

4. , or

Exercise 1.1. Define the type of the sentence.

Presently, looking along the road, Kezia saw two little dots. Now she could see that they were the Kelveys. “Hello,” she said to the passing Kelveys. “You can come and see our doll's house if you want to.” But at that Lil turned red and shook her head quickly. “Why not?” asked Kezia. Lil gasped, then she said, “Your ma told our ma you wasn't to speak to us.” - “Oh, well,” said Kezia. She didn't know what to reply. “It doesn't matter… Come on. Nobody's looking. … Don't you want to?” asked Kezia… Kezia led the way. Like two little stray cats they followed across the courtyard to where the doll's house stood. “I'll open it for you,” said Kezia kindly. She undid the hook and they looked inside. “There's the drawing-room and the dining-room and that's the - “ “Kezia!” Oh, what a start they gave!… It was Aunt Beryl's voice. “Run away, children, run away at once.”

(K.Mansfield)

Exercise 1.2. Define the type of the sentence.

Isn't it gorgeous weather?! (______) Scarcely ever has the British nation suffered so much shame. (______) How kind you are. (______) This way, sir. (______) So that's your little game, is it? (______) You realize what the risks are? (______) Wasn't it a marvelous concert?! (______) Somebody open this door, please. (______) Do come tomorrow again, will you? (______) Who knows? (______) Boy! Am I hungry! (______) Mary stand over there. (______) What difference does it make? (______) Will you shut the door, please? (______) Is no one going to defend me? (______) I wonder whether you would mind putting it on the table. (______) Don't let anyone fool himself that he can get away with it (______) Let's all work hard. (______) If anyone shrinks from this action, let him speak now. (______) I've spoken to hardly anyone who disagrees with me. (______) Do have some more sherry. (______) How I used to hate geography. (______) Why get so upset? (______) What an enormous crowd came! (______) What about the house? (______) How about joining us? (______) How do you do? (______) Out with it. (______) To think I was once a millionaire. (______) You and your statistics! (______) Suffice it to say we lost. (______) Bless you. (______) Do we care? (______)

Exercise 1.3. Make sentences negative. Mind the italicized words.

We had some lunch today. I was speaking to someone. I saw him somewhere. She was somehow surprised. They sometimes visit us. He helped to some extent. They have arrived already. John is coming too. He's still there. He saw one or the other of them. Let someone do it instead of you. Let's go watch some video.

Exercise 1.4. Choose the correct and explain your choice.

No one has ever said (something / anything) to (one / either) of us. Not many of the refugees have (somewhere / anywhere) to live (already / yet). He has promised that (some / any) of you will be released (already / yet). I seldom get (some / any) sleep. Only two of us had (some / any) experience at sailing. Can I have (some / any) milk in my coffee, please? Will (someone / anyone) help me, please? May I give you (some / any) more tea? On the whole, my answers were correct, though I could not answer (some / any) of his questions. Come (some / any) day you like. “Do you want me to buy (some / any) newspaper for you? Which one?” - “(Some / Any) will do.” Is there (some / any) chance of seeing (some / any) of his pictures? He left without saying good-bye to (some / any) of us. They spoke French with hardly (some / any) accent. Would you like (something / anything) to eat. (Something / Anything) else, sir?

Exercise 1.5. Supply the necessary tag.

There isn't much time left, … I didn't see any birds, … Never again will I make that mistake, … Stop arguing, … Each of us knew about that, … She scarcely seems to care, … He was unaware of any hostility, … Every person has some opinion, … I'm late, … Open the door, … There was never any talk about it, … Don't be late, … Let's go for a walk, … Let him do it tomorrow, …I don't suppose he cares, … There was a desk on the platform, … Everyone has been told what to do, …They were hardly interested, …

Exercise 1.6 Translate.

Разве вы не любите теннис? Вы не любите теннис? Неужели ваша сестра не знает об этом? Ваша сестра не знает об этом? Разве он не в институте сейчас? Он не в институте сейчас? Разве вы еще не написали письмо? Вы не написали письмо?

Exercise 1.7. Make the sentences exclamatory using “so/such” or “how/what”. Start with “My Goodness! Boy! My!”, etc.

You are a child. The path was very narrow. She sang easily and well. The baby had big brown eyes. She spoke angrily, twisting a wet handkerchief in her hands. They ran noiselessly. She was alwayskind to me. The leaves of the maples are turningred and yellow. He told us a very personal story. She looked rather angry. It was a tiring day. It was a relief to everybody to hear it. It sounds exciting. It sounds like an exciting adventure.

According to the structure:

1. two-member sentences: a. complete, b. elliptical;

2. one-member sentences: a.nominal, b.predicative (usually, commands)

Exercise 1.8. Define the structure of the sentence:

He couldn't help smiling. (______) Dusk - of a summer night. (______) Freedom! Bells ringing out, flowers, kisses, wine. (______) Best to forget all about her. (______) What were you doing? - Drinking. (______) It's a wonderful picture, Mr.Green. What a type! (______) “Can't kick my heels here for ever,” thought Soames. (______) Out with it! (______) I'm sure Dr.Sheppard will see me. He must. (______) The dull pain and the life slowly dripping out of him. (______) “Any more new patients?” called Nurse Lake. (______) No! To have his friendship, his admiration, but not at that price. (______) Youth! Beauty! Novelty! They are badly wanted in this house! (______) Anything else? (______) To die out there - lonely, wanting them, wanting home! (______) Everybody upstairs! (______) Can't expect the girl to know by instinct. Too little experience. (______) Winter! (______) Are you angry? - I'm not. (______) Waiting for the bus? (______) The Boss in? (______) Two cups of coffee, please. (______)

“Why did you leave the baby in that mill?” - “Out of the rain.” - “In her pram?” - “Naturally. She was asleep.” …The mystery was awful and complete. Abandoned perambulator! Total disappearance of the baby! Horror! Martyrdom! Death!