PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH SOUNDS.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 471.

ARTICULATORY AND ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH SPEECH SOUNDS.

PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY.

PHONETICS AS A SCIENCE.

Phonetics studies segmental sounds (vowels and consonants) and prosodic, suprasegmental, phenomenon (pitch, stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses). It also studies acoustic properties of sagmental sounds and suprasegmental phenomenon , physiological bases of sound production and the meaning of segmental and suprasegmental phenomena.

Phonetics studies the process of articulation and perception, phonology studies the functioning of segmental and suprasegmental phenomena –their meaning, that is how different types of sounds help us to differentiate the meaning of words. Ex. Pin (i)- pen (e). and how different intonation patterns express different meanings. Ex. He is a student (falling tone)- is a statement; He is a student ? (raising tone) –a question.

There are two types of speech sounds- vowels and consonants. Vowels are speech sounds based on voice. There is no obstruction in their articulation. The muscular tension is spread evenly throughout the speech organs. The stream of air is weak. Consonants are speech sounds that require obstruction in their articulation. The obstruction is removed with the effect of noise. There are 2 kinds of noise plosion and friction. The stream of air is strong. There\their exist speech sounds that occupy an intermediate position between vowels and consonants- sonants (sonorants) \m,n,nь,j,l,w,r\. There is an obstruction in their articulation like with consonants. Like vowels they are based on voice. Within this group \w,j,r\ have stronger vocalic characteristics. That's why they are called Sammy vowels. \n,l\ have greater sonority and unlike in Ukrainian they perform as syllable.

Ex. Garden \ga:dn\, little \li_tl\, seven \se_vn\.

Consonants are subdivided into noise consonants and sonants.