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UTTERANCE STRESS.


Date: 2015-10-07; view: 454.


PITCH.

PROSODIC SUBSYSTEMS.

Pith is an element of intonation or prosody. It is speech melody, that is the variation in the pitch of voice. The pitch level of the utterance or intonation group is defined by the highest pitched syllable. The higher is the pitch level, the more important and emotionally charged the utterance is.

The pitch range of an utterance or intonation group is the interval between the highest and the lowest-pitched syllable. Pitch range may be vaillant or narrowed. Narrow pitch range sounds unemotional, vaillant pitch range emotional and enthusiastic. Another component of pitch is TONE. Tones are staffic and kinetic. Staffic tones have the unchanged pitch level- high, mid or low. Kinetic tones change the pitch level and are divided into falling and rising (simple tones) and their combination (complex tones):

1)Low-fall yes

2)High-fall yes

3)Low-rise yes

4)High-rise yes

5)Fall-rise yes

6)Rise-fall yes

7)Rise-fall-rise yes

The nucleus together with tail is called the TERMINAL TONE- is the tone in the end of the intonation group. Not only nucleus is important here, because sometimes the unstressed and partially stressed syllables in the tail follow the line of the nucleus, down or up.

Ex. I came home very late last night.

 

And sometimes the general movement of the unstressed and partially stressed syllables is opposite to that in the nucleus.

Ex. He didn't go away ?

 

Types of pre-head: HIGH and LOW

Types of head: HIGH, LOW, FALLING AND RISING.

Utterance stress- it is a special prominents given to one or more words in an utterance. The prominents is created in the same way as word stress. Not all the words are stressed in the utterance, only those which are important for the speaker at the moment.

The nucleus syllable is marked by a kinetic tone, which marks the most important word for the speaker in an utterance.

Ex. I want a blue hat. (hat, not shoose)

I want a blue hat. (blue, not red)

I want a blue hat. ( you must buy it for me)

I want a blue hat. ( I, not my sister)

Other important words in the utterances are marked by a static tone.


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