Classification of genes.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 455.
Genes. Classification of genes.
The part of DNA molecule that codes instruction for the synthesis of one specific protein is termed a gene.
The functions of genes and functions of DNA are the same. One gene has about 1200 nucleotides.
Characteristics of genes are:
Stability
Discretelity
Specificity
Stability means gene is unchangeable. Change in gene named mutation. It leads to syntheses of other kind of protein.
Discretelity means the gene has beginning and end. Gene isn't endless.
Specificity means the gene hold instruction for the synthesis of one specific protein only. Another gene has instruction for the synthesis of another specific protein. For instant there is the gene of protein of insulin and there is the gene of protein of hemoglobin.
| Structural genes | Genes of modulation | Genes of control (regulation) |
| 1. Genes that code sequence of amino acids of structural proteins and ferments. 2. Genes that code sequence of amino acids of proteins of cell lice hyston, proteins of ribosome. These proteins function in all types of cells. 3. Genes that code sequence of nucleotides in rRNA and tRNA. | 1. Genes that are the cause of reduction of activity other genes (suppressors or inhibitors). 2. Genes that are the cause of incretion of activity other genes (intensificators). Genes that render influence to activity of another genes. (modificators). | 1. Genes that render influence to time of activity another genes. |
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| Structure and functions of nucleic acids. | | | Genetic code and its characteristics. |