THEORETICAL QUESTIONS NECESSARY FOR ACHIEVING of the PRACTICAL CLASSES

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 425.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE of the PRACTICAL STUDY

Genetic burden

Genetic heterogeneity

There are individuals having different genotypes. It is named as genetic heterogeneity. Genetic heterogeneity is caused by mutational and combinative variability. There are adaptation (transition) and heterozygous (balance) genetic polymorphism.

Adaptation heterogeneity arises if concentration of two different genotypes increases due to activity of natural selection. This situation is because of both genotypes give a high level of adaptation to conditions of being. Balance genetic polymorphism arises if natural selection acts to decide in heterozygous favor, against of recessive dominant homozygote.

Genetic burden is difference in the levels of fitness of real and ideal populations to conditions of being. The difference is conditioned by genetic heterogeneity of real populations. Individuals with different genotypes have different levels of fitness. Within ideal population all individuals have to have the genotypes, that determinant the best level of fitness only.

There are some types of genetic burden. Among them there are mutative, substitutive, and segregative one.

1. Population Genetics. Analysis gene pool of population.

2. The Hardy-Weinberg Law.

3. Influence of elementary evolution factors (natural selection, mutations, migration, isolations, population waves) to gene pool of population.