Phonetic styles and their classification

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 1566.

Stylistics distinguishes different language styles while in speech we also use different varieties of the language which are called speech styles. There is a certain interconnection between phonetic styles and functional styles of the written language on the one hand and phonetic and speech styles on the other hand. This makes the problem of classifications of phonetic styles a very complicated problem. Phonetic styles or the styles of pronunciation are different ways of pronunciation caused by extra linguistic factors and characterized by definite phonetic features. The notion of “style of pronunciation” was introduced by Ломоносов in the 18^th century. He spoke about high and low style. Щерба distinguishes the full style and colloquial style used in ordinary conversation though he noted that colloquial style embraces different varieties of pronunciation which are not easily differentiated one from another. Most Russian phoneticians distinguish 3 styles (Буланин): The full style, used while speaking officially or reading aloud; Neutral style used in broad casting, lecturing; Colloquial style used in rapid and careless speech. Daniel Jones distinguishes 5 styles (depending on the rate of speech): the rapid familiar style; the slow colloquial style; the natural style used in addressing an audience; the acquired style of the stage; the acquired style used in singing. Соколоваand a group of authors distinguishes 5 international styles on the bases of the purpose of communication: informational; academic; publicistic; declamatory; conversational. The last classification by Гайдучик(бел). He based his classification on the spheres of discourse: phonetic styles of prepared speech (lectures, speeches). He called it scientific-business styles; Phonetic styles of reading aloud – he called it solemn; Phonetic styles of spontaneous speech (official-business style; informal style, or the style of everyday communication; familiar or careless style). Any style is seldom realized in its pure form. Usually the linguists speak about overlapping of styles.