Differentiating principle
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 577.
Phonemic principle
The main principle. Represents phonemes, but not its allophones. (In some languages allophones of the same phoneme are presented by different letters – Û-È).
The main unit of this principle – a grapheme.
It has the same functions as the phoneme:
Constitutive: written form of every word consists of graphemes.
Distinctive: written form of every word may be distinguished from that of an other by different graphemes directly (opposed sounds are represented by diff graphemes) and indirectly (graphemes differ from each other to homophones)
based on the independent of the phoneme distinctive function ……..?
great number of homophonous words sent-scent-cent
3. Historical\traditional\conservative principle
consist of preservation of such spelling that existed in early periods of language and no longer reflects the real pronunciation of words. Some letters seized to represent any phonemes because these phonemes a) seized to exist b) had dropped out from the particular ws c) letters began to represent newly developed or different phonemes
ð graphemes either lost or changed their phonemic reference.
Brought-taught-thought gh denoted the phoneme [h] in MidE, spelling survived even after [h] disappeared. Still it has a differentiating function – right-rite
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