English dialects

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 548.

dialect – более узкое (внутри страны)

variant – говорит страна

Every living language which serves the human society as the instrument of thought and the most powerful means of communication is in a state of constant development. When the same language is used by different countries separated from each other by great oceans and vast territories (Australia, Canada…). Each of them can develop certain peculiar features of pronunciation which are closely associated with its national cultures - variants. If such a type of pronunciation becomes sufficiently refined(очищено) and mutually (взаимно понятно) intelligible it is called national literary standard of pronunciation.

Regional literary pronunciation

The type of speech used by a person always depends on the region in which he/she is brought up. In such cases a slightly different pronunciation standard is developed and it can be called regional literary pronunciation (dialect).

In the British Isles there may be distinguished 3 types of regional English pronunciation:

- Southern

- Northern

- Standard Scottish pronunciation

Local dialects in the British Isles (островов)

· The Lowland dialect: Scottish, north of the river Tweed .

· The Northern dialect – between the river Tweed and Humber.

· The Western dialect

· The Midland dialect.

· The Easton dialect (between the river Homber and Themes).

· The Southern dialect (south of the Themes).

The Southern English dialect gave rise to the present-day national literary standard

Local dialects in the USA

The English language in the USA is characterized by relative uniformity (единообразие) throughout (повсюду) the country. However, three major dialogs have been identified: Northern, Midland (north midland and south midland), Southern. The differences in pronunciation between American dialects are most apparent (видимый), but they seldom interfere (влиять) with understanding. Distinctions in grammar are rare. The differences in vocabulary are rather numerous but they are easy to pick up.