Political organization, parties and movements in Ukraine, GB, USA

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 532.

A political organization is any organization that involves itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organizations, advocacy groups, and special interest groups. Political organizations typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections, and controlling government.

Political Parties are the association of voters with broad, common interests who want to influence or control decision-making in government by electing the parties candidates to public office.

· The Party of Regions political party of Ukraine created on 26 October 1998 under the name of Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine and led by Volodymyr Rybak. The Party of Regions endorsed Viktor Yanukovych as their candidate for the 2010 presidential election.

· The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that espouses the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. As of 2013 it is the most powerful party in the United Kingdom, being the largest single party in the House of Commons.

· The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom, supporting constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, environmentalism, human rights laws, banking reform and civil liberties. The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party.

· The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States along with the Republican Party. Since the 1930s, the party has promoted a socially liberal and progressive platform, and its Congressional caucus is composed of progressives, liberals, and centrists. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous operation in the United States and is among the oldest political parties in the world.

A political movement is a social movement in the area of politics. A political movement may be organized around a single issue or set of issues, or around a set of shared concerns of a social group. In contrast with a political party, a political movement is not organized to elect members of the movement to government office; instead, a political movement aims to convince citizens and/or government officers to take action on the issues and concerns which are the focus of the movement.

Political movements are an expression of the struggle of a social group for the political space and benefits. The political movements are presented by non-state groups who are led by their élite. In fact the process of the construction of identities and reinforcing them is also a part of political movements.

A political movement may be local, regional, national, or international in scope. Some have aimed to change government policy, such as the anti-war movement, the Ecology movement, and the Anti-globalization movement. Many have aimed to establish or broaden the rights of subordinate groups, such as abolitionism, the women's suffrage movement, the Civil rights movement, feminism, men's rights movement, gay rights movement, the Disability rights movement, or the inclusive human rights movement. Some have represented class interests, such as the Labour movement, Socialism, and Communism, others have expressed national aspirations, such as anticolonialist movements, Ratana, Zionism, and Sinn Féin. Political movements can also involve struggles to decentralize or centralize state control, as in Anarchism, Fascism, and Nazism.