Apical-alveolar cacuminal palatal-alveolar apical-interdental
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 702.
[t], [d], [s],[z],[ l], [n] (=post alveolar) [S], [Z], [C], [G] [T], [D]
[r]
Bilabial – lips are closed
Labio-dental - approach of the upper teeth and lower lip.
Pharyngal – incomplete obstruction appears near the pharynx because of the approach of the root of the tongue and back surface of the pharynx.
Mediolingual – edges of the tongue are pressed to the upper teeth.
Backlingual(=velar)- the root of the tongue makes the obstruction.
Apical-alveolar – inner surface of the upper teeth are on the alveolar range.
Cacuminal (=post alveolar) the top of the tongue is slightly bent, the back part of the top of the tongue acts.
II.According to the manner of producing the noise and the type of obstruction.
occlusive constrictive affricates
[C], [G]
plosive sonorants fricatives
[p], [b], [t], [f], [v], [s], [z], [S],
[d], [k], [g] [Z], [T], [D], [h]
nasal median lateral
[m], [n], [N]; [w], [r], [j]; [l]
Occlusive – complete obstruction for the stream of the air.
Constrictive - incomplete obstruction for the stream of the air when articulating organs are drawn together.
Affricates – when complete obstruction becomes incomplete.
Fricatives – the glottis is not too wide.
Sonorants – voice prevails over noise.
Nasal – the stream of the air goes through the nose (nasal cavity).
Median – the air goes along the tongue.
Lateral – the stream of the air goes along the edges of the tongue.
III. Vocal cords can be:
closed and vibrate taken apart
vowels and voiced the stream of the air goes
consonants are produced out freely and voiceless
consonants are produced
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