THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE USA

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 771.

The United States of America is a federal republic, consisting of fifty states, with the District of Columbia as the seat of the national government. Each state has its own government and the state governments follow much the same pattern as the federal government. The present constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia. Changes in the Constitution are called amendments. There are only 26 amendments to the Constitution.

The federal government comprises three branches of government: a legislative, an executive and a judiciary.

The executive power in the federal government belongs the President of the United Stated although power is often delegated to the Cabinet members and other officials.

The President is elected for every four years, and is both a head of state and of the government, as well as the military commander –in – chief and chief diplomat. He names the Cabinet.

The United Stated Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Elections of the House of Representatives are held every two years, when the whole House of Representatives is replaced.

The Senate consists of two senators from each state, elected for six years. One third of the Senate is replaced every two years. A senator must be 30 years old, nine years a citizen and an inhabitant of the state which elect him. The president of the Senate is the Vice-President of the United States.

The two main political parties are the Republics and the Democrats. There is little difference between their programs in national and international in national and international policies.

The highest judicial body of the USA is the Supreme Court of the United States.

The American flag is known as “Old Glory” or the “Stars and Stripes”. 13 stripes represent the first original American colonies. The stars in the flag, white on the deep blue background, represent the number of states making up the USA.

amendment [ə'mendmənt] поправка, виправлення

branch — гілка

[baɪ'kæm(ə)rəl] двопалатний

Congress ['kɒŋgrɛs] Конгрес

courage [' kʌrɪdʒ] мужність

comprise[kəm'praiz] включати

executive [ig'zekjutiv] виконавча

government [ 'gʌvəmənt] уряд

House of Representatives [repri'zentətiv] Палата представників

judiciary [dʒu:'dɪʃ(ə)rɪ] судова

justice [' dʒʌstɪs] справедливість

lawyer ['lɔ:jə] юрист

legislative ['ledʒislətiv] законодавча

policy ['pɔlisi] політика

to be proclaimed – бути проголошеною

Senate ['senit] Сенат

slavery ['sleiv(ə)ri] рабство

to elect – обирати

to replace - змінювати

Vice President — віце-президент

сitizen ['sitiz(ə)n] громадянин

pattern ['pætn] зразок, приклад