The most northerly point in UK?

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 524.

Geography of the UK

Seminar

1. Outer water bodies

2. Extremities (Land's End, John O'Groats, Lizard Point)

Land's End is a headland and small settlement in western Cornwall, England. It is the most westerly point of mainland Cornwall and England. It is on the Penwith peninsula. Land's End has a particular resonance because it is often used to suggest distance. Land's End to John o' Groats in Scotland is a distance of 838 miles (1,349 km) by road and this Land's End to John o' Groats distance is often used to define races, walks or charitable events in the UK.

John o' Groats is a village in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is often called "The start of Great Britain" as John O'Groats is on the northeastern tip of Scotland. Part of the county of Caithness, John o' Groats is popular with tourists because it is generally regarded as the most northerly settlement on the island of Great Britain, although this is not a claim made by its inhabitants and is in fact false.

Answer: Herma Ness in the Shetland Islands. If you mean on mainland Britain, it is Dunnet Head in the north of Scotland.

Lizard Point in Cornwall is at the southern tip of the Lizard Peninsula. It is situated half-a-mile (0.8 km) south of Lizard village in the civil parish of Landewednack and approximately 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Helston. Lizard Point is the most southerly point on mainland Great Britain at 49° 57' 30" N.[2] With the exception of parts of the Isles of Scilly it is the southernmost part of England.

The field of geography (branches: physical, urban, political, population, economic)

3. Physical + urban geography of the UK

a) Scotland:

· The Highlands - The Grampian Mountains, The Northwest Highlands, the Great Glen;

The Grampian Mountains or Grampians are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northeast Scotland. The range extend southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and Gleann Mòr (the Great Glen), occupying almost half of the land-area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including Ben Nevis and Ben Macdui the two highest.

The Northwest Highlands are located in the northern third of Scotland that is separated from the Grampian Mountains by the Great Glen (Glen More). The Caledonian Canal, which extends from Loch Linnhe in the south-west, via Loch Ness to the Moray Firth in the north-east splits this area from the rest of the country. The city of Inverness and the town of Fort William, by far the two largest settlements in the area, are both close to the boundary between the Northwest Highlands and the Grampian Mountains.

The Great Glen , also known as Glen More is a series of glens in Scotland running 100 kilometres from Inverness on the edge of Moray Firth, to Fort William at the head of Loch Linnhe.

The Great Glen follows a large geological fault known as the Great Glen Fault. It bisects the Scottish Highlands into the Grampian Mountains to the southeast and the Northwest Highlands to the northwest.

The Glen is a natural travelling route in the Highlands of Scotland, which is used by both the Caledonian Canal and A82 road, which link the city of Inverness on the northeast coast with Fort William on the west coast.

Much of the Glen is taken up with a series of lochs, with rivers connecting them. The Caledonian Canal also uses the lochs as part of the route, but the rivers are not navigable.

· the Central Lowlands

The Central Lowlands or Midland Valley is a geologically defined area of relatively low-lying land in southern Scotland. It consists of a rift valley between the Highland Boundary Fault to the north and the Southern Uplands Fault to the south.^[1] The Central Lowlands are one of the three main geographical sub-divisions of Scotland, the other two being the Highlands and Islands which lie to the north, northwest and the Southern Uplands, which lie south of the associated second fault line.

A productive combination of fertile low-lying agricultural land and significant deposits of economically valuable coal and iron have led to the Central Lowlands being much more densely populated than the rest of Scotland. The major cities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Stirling and Dundee all lie in the Central Lowlands, and over half of Scotland's population lives in this region.

Arthur's Seat in Edinburgh being the remnant of a once much larger volcano active in the Carboniferous period some 300 million years ago

· the Southern Uplands – the Cheviots, the Scottish Marches, the Tweed

The Southern Uplands are the southernmost and least populous of mainland Scotland's three major geographic areas (the others being the Central Lowlands and the Highlands). The term is used both to describe the geographical region and to collectively denote the various ranges of hills within this region.

The Cheviot Hills is a range of rolling hills straddling the England–Scotland border between Northumberland and the Scottish Borders.

The Scottish Borders (Scots: The Mairches) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.^[1] It is bordered by the City of Edinburgh, East Lothian and Midlothian to the north; and the non-metropolitan counties of Cumbria and Northumberland in England to the south and east. The administrative centre of the area is Newtown St. Boswells. Historically, the name Scottish Borders designated the entire border region of southern Scotland and, together with neighbouring areas of England, was part of the historical Borders region.

The Anglo-Scottish border (or English-Scottish border, known locally as simply The Border) is the official border and mark of entry between Scotland and England. It runs for 96 miles (154 km) between the River Tweed on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. It is Scotland's only land border. England shares a longer border with Wales.

· Population density

Glasgow (500 ths), Edinburgh (470 ths), Aberdeen (200 ths), Dundee (145 ths)

· Major cities: Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Dundee, Inverness

· Rivers: The Tay, the Sprey, the Clyde, the Tweed, the Dee, the Don, the Forth)

· lakes (Loch Lomond, Lock Ness)

· The Caledonian Canal

b) England

· The Pennines + Yorkshire Dales NP + the Peak District NP

The Pennines /ˈpɛnaɪnz/ are a range of hills separating North West England from Yorkshire and North East England.

Often described as the "backbone of England",^[1][2][3] the Pennine hills form a more-or-less continuous range stretching northwards from the Peak District in Derbyshire, around the northern and eastern edges of Lancashire and Greater Manchester, through the Yorkshire Dales past the Cumbrian Fells to the Cheviot Hills on the Anglo-Scottish border. The Pennines are an important water catchment area with numerous reservoirs in the head streams of the river valleys.