What processes of syntactic derivation are illustrated by the following examples?

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 575.

Practice.

Theoretical Comment.

Syntactic Derivation and Other Syntactic Processes

Paradigmatic Structure of the Sentence.

SEMINAR 6

The notions of the “structural pattern” and “elementary sentence”. Extended (full) and unextended (elementary) simple sentences. Derivational procedures (transformations): morphological changes of words, the use of functional words, substitution, deletion, word-order changes, and intonational arrangement. The two types of derivational relations in the paradigmatic system of sentences: “constructional” relations and “predicative” relations. Clausalization and phrasalization; nominalization. “Lower” (“factual”, “truth-stating”) predicative functions and “higher” (“evaluative”) predicative functions: the categories of communicative purpose, of existence quality (affirmation and negation), of realization, of probability, of modal identity, of subjective modality, of subject-action relations, of subject-object relations, of phase, of informative perspective, of (emotional) intensity. The notion of “predicative load”; “light” and “heavy” predicative load of sentences.

1) The excited voices grew louder and louder. 2) The moon rose red. 3) I have sought to emphasize how much is involved in knowing a language. 4) Repentance is said to be its cure, sir. 5) She had evidently returned. 6) There is someone hiding in the kitchen. 7) It was not a matter to be discussed even with a guide, philosopher and friend so near and trusted as the Professor. (Kahler)