Types of Nuclear Power Stations

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 459.

Boiling-Water Reactors

1. A boiling-water reactor is that in which coolant boils in the reactor core to produce steam.

2. The steam is led directly to the turbine.

3. The heat exchanger is eliminated here.

4. The construction of a BWR is simpler and less expensive.

5. The high pressure is also eliminated, so the reactor doesn't need a very heavy and strong construction.

6. The coolant remains longer in contact with fuel elements.

7. That is why water is a more effective coolant.

8. Pumps are eliminated because of natural coolant circulation.

9. The BWR uses a low cost fuel like natural or slightly enriched uranium.

10. A disadvantage is that the steam is radioactive and this results in corrosion and shielding problems.

1. Nuclear power stations may be classified by the number of circuits.

2. There are single-circuit, double-circuit and three-circuit nuclear power stations.

3. If the circuits of the coolant and the working substance coincide, this will be а single-circuit nuclear station.

4. If the circuits of the coolant and the working substance are separated, such а nuclear power station is called а double-circuit station.

5. The circuit of the coolant is known as the primary and that of the working substance as the secondary.

6. А double-circuit station always requires а steam generating plant, which separates the two circuits.

7. A steam generator belongs equally to the primary and the secondary circuit.

8. A three-circuit nuclear power station consists of the primary circuit, the intermediate circuit and secondary circuit.

9. Three-circuit nuclear power station has two heat exchangers – the primary HX and the secondary HX.

10. NPS may be classified according to the type of reactor, the type of steam turbines, the construction of the reactor and the type of moderator.