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Table 1
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 866.
| 1) Phonation
| 2) Oro-nasal
process
| 3) Manner of articulation
| | “Sonorants”:sounds whose phonetic content is predominantly made up by the sound waves produced by their voicing (vowels, m, n,w, j, l, r).
| Oral:sounds in the production of which the air escapes through the mouth.
| Stops:sounds made with a complete obstruction or stoppage of the airflow coming up from the lungs. They are also termed plosives (complete closure+sudden release: b, p, d, t, g, k).
| | Obstruents (noise consonants):sounds produced as a result of obstruent articulation involving an obstruction of the air stream that produces a phonetic effect independent of voicing. They can typically occur in voiced and voiceless variants.
| Nasal:sounds in the production of which the soft palate is lowered, and the air escapes through the mouth (m, n.ŋ).
| Continuants:sounds in which the obstruction of the airflow is only partial, so that the sound can be prolonged for a period of time. Vowels. Consonants: fricatives: phonetic content includes a hissing noise, produced by turbulence in the air stream as it is forced through the narrow gap between the articulators (f, θ, s, ʃ, v, ð, z, Ʒ); affricates: complex sounds which consist of two components which correspond to two phases of articulation – an oral stop phase followed with a short friction phase (ʧ, ʤ); approximants: sounds in the production of which one articulator moves close to another, though not so close as to cause turbulence to produce friction (r,w, j, l, h ).
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