Table 4
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 466.
| Compounds = EARLY STRESS | Phrases = LATE STRESS |
| a 'darkroom = a room for developing photographs a 'moving van = to carry furniture when one moves house a 'blackbird = a kind of bird: Turdus merula an 'English teacher = a teacher of English | a ¸dark 'room = a room which is dark because there is little light in it a ¸moving 'van = a van that is in motion a ¸black 'bird = any bird that is black an ¸English 'teacher = a teacher who is English |
The stress patterns of some English words are liable to variations of different kinds. There is free variation of stress location due to some rhythmic and analogical pressures, both of which entail in addition considerable changes of sound pattern in words [Gimson 1001:231], e.g.:
1) in some words of three syllables, there is variation between '- - - and -'- - patterns: deficit, integral (adj), exquisite.
2) similarly, in words of four syllables, there is variation between first and second
syllable stressing: hospitable, formidable, despicable.
Pronunciation patterns of such words due to the variation in stress placement have
the status of alternative pronunciation formswhich occur in educated usage.
Cases of variable stress placement caused by the context is known as ‘stressshift'
[EPD 1997: xii]. When a word of several syllables has a stress near the end of the word, and is followed by another word with stress near its beginning, there is a tendency or the stress in the first word to move nearer the beginning if it contains a syllable that is capable of receiving stress, e.g. the word academic in isolation usually has the stress
on he penultimate syllable [-dem-]. However, when the word year follows, the stress is
often found to move to the first syllable [æk-]; the whole phrase 'academic year' will lave the primary stress on the word year, so the resulting stress pattern will be ¸academic 'year.
There are also often differences between the stressing of compounds in RP and
General American, e.g.:
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