Shall (I / we)

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 445.

· I / We shall go to Cairo next month.

· You / He / She / It / They will stay here.

1- To make suggestions: في تكوين الاقتراح shall تستخدم

· Shall I meet you on Friday? · Shall we have a party?

2- To make offers: في العرض

· Shall I help you with your homework?

¨ Shall / will = 'll

·I'll do it. You'lldo it.

¨will not = won't

¨ Shall shan't / (Question Tag)

· We shall meet the boss tomorrow, shan't we?

: am / is / are + going toتستخدم ·

· للتعبير عن نية أو عمل مخطط له أو قرار قبل لحظة الحديث:

· We are saving up because we are going to buy a car.

· I'm going to make some coffee. Do you want some?

·للتنبؤ بحدث في المستقبل يوجد ما يدل عليه في الحاضر:

· I'm going tofail this exam. (I haven't done much work)

· I think it's going torain. The sky's looking very dark.

· Watch out! The baby is going to fall.

· She's very ill. I'm afraid she's going to die.

·تعبر was / were going to + inf. عن شيء لـم يحدث في الماضي:

· I was going to tidy the flat, but I didn't have time.

· لاحظ أن :

Are you going to + inf. = Do you intend to + inf.

· Are you going tobuy a new car? (Do…)

Do you intend to buy a new car?

·Is she going totake the test?(Does)

Does she intend totake the test?

·استخدام المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن المستقبل (و يشير أيضا إلى وجود ترتيبات مسبقة):

ªHe's flyingto India next Monday. (He's got his tickets.)

ªI'm goinghome in half an hour. (I have arranged it with the boss)

ª I can't see you tomorrow. We're visiting relatives.

ª I am seeing the boss tomorrow. (I have an appointment with him.)

·استخدام المضارع البسيط للتغبير عن المستقبل (و يرتبط ذلك بجداول المواعيد الخاصة مثلا بوسائل المواصلات و المسرح و السينما و المدرسة وجداول الامتحانات و غير ذلك:

¨You leave Cairo International Airport at 7 p.m. and arrive in Paris at 11 p.m.

¨The film starts at 9. ¨The course starts in October.

¨This lesson doesn't finish until 2.30.

The future continuous: المستقبل المستمر

Will/shall + be + ING

·يستخدم للتعبير عن حدث سوف يكون مستمرا في وقت معين في المستقبل:

¨A : Can I come and see you at 4 o'clock tomorrow?

B : No. I'll be drivingto the airport then. Come at 2.30 before I leave.

¨Between 9 and 11 a.m. tomorrow I'll be studying.

Exercises on Grammar:

Choose the correct answer:

1- It's arranged. We (will go – go – are going – may go) to the Red Sea this summer.

2- I think my cousin (will study – studies – going to study – would study) engineering. He is very clever at Maths.

3- (Are you playing – Do you play – Shall you play – Do you go to play) tennis after school today?

4- My German lesson (is stating – starts – has been starting – start) at four o'clock this afternoon.

5- The launch of the satellite (is being – are being – is – was) at 7.50 tomorrow.

6- We (will – may – are going to – are) probably be there for two weeks.

7- I can't talk at the moment. I (do – will do – am doing – have done) my homework.

8- I can't meet you this afternoon. I (am doing – do – have done – may do) the shopping.

9- Hello, Ahmed. I (go – am going – have gone – would have gone) to the airport in a minute.

10- My plane (is leaving – shall leave – leave – leaves) at 10 o'clock tomorrow.

11- I am studying medicine. I (may be – am going to be – am being – be) a doctor.

12- She (will – should – is going to – may ) probably do the shopping tomorrow.

13- I expect that he (wins – will win – is going to win – is winning) the match.

14- Perhaps they (are visiting – are going to visit – will visit – may) visit us next Saturday.

15- Somebody is knocking on the door. I (am going – will go – have gone – go) and open it.

16- She (is flying – flies – fly – would fly) to Spain next Monday. Everything is arranged.

17- What are your plans for tomorrow? – I (am going to play – play – have played – shouldn't play) tennis with a friend.

18- He's driving at breakneck speed. He (has – would have – is going to have – is having) an accident.

19- Watch out! You (are dropping – drop – are going to drop – would drop) the glasses.

20- (Will you – Are you going to – Do you – Should you) help me with this heavy bag, please?

21- Don't worry. I (lend – am lending – will lend – should lend) you the money you need.

22- I (am going to be – will be – am being – be) 25 next Monday.

23- I can't use my office at the moment. It (is decorated – will be decorated – may decorate – is being decorated).

24- Don't phone me at 8.00 a.m. tomorrow. I (drive – will be driving – have driven – would drive) the kids to school then.

25- Look at those black clouds. It (rains – is raining – is going to rain – isn't raining).

26- She (will – should – might – ought) probably be a great success.

27- She has decided that she (is studying – is going to study – was studying – will be studying) medicine.

28- Be careful! You (will spill – are spilling - are going to spill – spill) your coffee.

29- That's the phone. I (answer – am answering – would answer – will answer) it.

30-

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1- I can't answer the phone at the moment. I do the washing up.

2- I hope you are visiting me in my home one day.

3- I am going to possibly come but I may not get back in time.

4- There's not a cloud in the sky. It's will be another warm day tomorrow.

5- Look at the queue. We're not getting in for hours.

6- Perhaps I am seeing him tomorrow.

7- I expect he is getting the job in a matter of days.

8-I shoot you if you come any closer.

9- I'm sorry I can't talk now. I'm calling you later.

10- The traffic is terrible. We miss our flight.

11- They go on a school trip tomorrow. Everything has been arranged.

12- The match is ending at 4.30 this afternoon.

13-Don't come at 4 o'clock tomorrow. I sleep then.

14- It is predicted that Egypt exports more goods next year.

15-I suppose he applies for the job next week.

Language Functions:

Respond to the following situations:

1- Your brother thinks that global warming is a serious problem. You agree with him.

2- Your friend tells you that the English exam is so difficult. You think it's not true.

3- A tourist asks you about the next train to Luxor. Tell him there's one at ten o'clock.

4- Your friend asks you to go swimming tomorrow, but you have arranged to have lunch with your brother.

5- You ask your friend's opinion about the best way to keep fit.

6- Your sister tells you that prices are going up all the time. You agree completely.

Test on Unit 1

A- Language Functions

1- Respond to the following situations:

1. Someone says that space exploration is too expensive. You agree

2.Someone says that computers are a bad thing. You do not have the same opinion.

3. One of your friends says he thinks walking in space would be very frightening. You think he's right

4. You hear someone say that all astronauts are very rich. You know this is not true.

2- Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: (June, 2009)

1- A: Can you show me where I can try this dress on?

B: The fitting rooms are on the left over there

2- A: How long have you been feeling unwell?

B.: Since Sunday

A: Well, you need to take one of these tablets 3 times a day.

B- Vocabulary and Structure

3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d

1. Millions of people watched the rocket (start – launch – set off – beginning) on TV. -

2. The medicine I am taking is wonderful. It has no side (results – damage – effects – problems).

3. I expect (I'm going to see – I'll see – I'm seeing – I see) you at the weekend.

4. The film (is starting – is going to start - starts – has started) at 7.30 this evening.

5. The mechanic (examined – explained – extended – looked) the engine for damage.

6. There was a (brake - leak – lake – fake) in the water pipe and I had to have it fixed.

7. Our air conditioning has broken down, but someone is coming to (prepare – impair – despair – repair) it tomorrow.

8. Computer passwords should always be (known – public – secret – distributed). You should never tell anyone.

9. The astronauts went on a two–hour space (walk - talk – swim – jump) to replace a broken fuel pump.

10. Some drivers have a sat-nav (order – stick – system – string) in their car to help them find the best route.

11. A: This year I'm going on holiday with my family to Italy. B: I'm sure you (will enjoy – enjoy – are enjoying – have enjoyed) it.

12. A: Are you leaving this evening? B: Yes, my train (is going to leave – leaves – will leave – has left) at 7.15.

13. A: Have you made any arrangements for next week? B: Yes, (I'll meet – I meet – I'm meeting – I have met) a friend from Cairo on Monday.

14. A: Do you have any plans for the weekend. B: I (meet – 'm going to meet – 'll meet – would meet) Professor Ali on Saturday morning.

15. A: I'm going on holiday to Europe this October. Should I take an umbrella? B: Yes, it (will probably rain – is probably raining – probably rains – has probably rained).

16. I (visit – going to visit – am visiting – would visit) some relatives next Monday. It's already arranged.

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1- The doctor exchanged me carefully before he gave me the medicine.

2- The rocket is going to reach the moon on Tuesday. Everyone watched the lunch on TV.

3- Space fissions can take several years.

4- I travel to Greece next Monday. Everything is arranged.

5- Next Wednesday, my Physics exam is starting at 8.00 a.m.

6- I think my brother is a doctor. He's very clever.

C- Reading Comprehension

5- Read the following passage and then answer the questions: (June, 2009)

Eat healthy food and have a healthy body. Now, we know that there is also healthy food for your brain. Eat healthy food and have a healthy mind. New research clearly shows the link between diet and mental health.

There has been a campaign to improve school meals. A head teacher of a school banned junk food and started serving healthy food. This research shows that the students' behaviour in class has been a lot better. They became calmer and they learn and concentrate more.

A mental health foundation (M.H.F) has started a campaign "Feeding Minds" to publicize its own research. This research shows that our diets have changed a lot and the level of mental illness has increased, unhealthy diet can cause depression and insomnia.

The last part of the research concerns the Mediterranean diet. Scientists knew that this diet (fruit, vegetables, fish and olive oil) helps you live longer. It also prevents a serious mental disease "Alzheimer" that affects the elderly.

So, what does this research suggest to you? To improve your memory, eat salmon. To fight insomnia, eat nuts. If depression is a problem, eat brown rice. If you worry about your later years, cook with olive oil.

A. Answer the following questions:

1- What is the main idea of the passage?

2- Mention the campaigns' targets of the school and the MHF?

3- What does the underlined word "they" refer to/

4- How are nuts helpful for our health?

B. Choose the correct answer:

5- The following diseases are all mental except -------------------.

a) Alzheimer b) Depression

c) Insomnia d) Blood Pressure

6- The Mediterranean diet includes-------------------------

a) junk food b) meat and rice c) fast food d) fish and olive oil

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

My advice about learning to drive would be to have proper lessons from a qualified instructor and never to let a friend or family member try to teach you. It's a guaranteed way to spoil a good relationship. Every Sunday, when the traffic was quieter, my father would pick me up and take me for a drive along the streets of our hometown and give me a lecture on how to drive, explaining everything he was doing and why. Eventually it was my turn to have a go. My dad was so nervous that he panicked before I'd even started up the engine. He used to shout at the slightest mistake, and when the lesson was finally over he'd come home and have a large glass of whisky to calm down.

Answer the following questions:

1-According to the writer, who is the best person to teach you how to drive?

2-What do you think about the writer's father?

3-Find words in the passage which mean:

a) felt very frightened b) having suitable knowledge, experience or skills

Choose the correct answer:

4-The underlined word he refers to ------------------.

a) the writer b) the instructor c) the writer's father d) the writer's friend

5-The writer's father used to teach him how to drive --------------------.

a) once a week b) every Monday c) twice a month d) every day

D- Writing

8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2009)

"How has the internet affected our lives?"

E- Translation

9- A) Translate into Arabic: (June, 2009)

Many studies have shown that it is better to wear your seat belt when you are driving a car. Seat belts greatly reduce the risk of death or injury in accidents. This fact is widely recognized and many governments have passed laws requiring seat belt use.

B) Translate into English:

1- يسعي العالم جاهدا لاكتشاف علاج لأنفلونزا الخنازير.

2- نحتاج الي التكنولوجيا الحديثة لكي تساعدنا في حل الكثير من المشكلات مثل التغير المناخي والاحتباس الحراري.