The Russian Court System
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 414.
Reading tasks
EX.33 Grammar focus. Participles. Revision.
B) Use some of the word combinations from the box and make 5 sentences to describe the Russian court system and its work.
The rule is :
| Participle II = a regular verb + ed OR II form of an irregular verb Participle I = Verb + ing |
a) Make participles:
| Verb | Participle I | Participle II |
| Compose | ||
| Include | ||
| deal | ||
| resolve | ||
| review | ||
| concern | ||
| make | ||
| organize | ||
| govern | ||
| bind |
b) Use the appropriate form of the verbs (Infinitive, Participle I, Participle II) in the sentences. Translate the sentences:
1. District courts … …….. in the system of courts of general jurisdiction. (to include)
2. One of the functions of regional courts is ……… the judgments of district courts. (to review)
3. The Supreme Court explains questions ……. to judicial practice. (to pertain)
EX. 33 Skim the text and divide it into the logical parts. Entitle them:
The Russian court system is composed of three independent parts. They are
(1) the Courts of General Jurisdiction;
(2) the Arbitrazh (or Commercial) Courts;
(3) the Russian Federation Constitutional Courts.
The Courts of General Jurisdiction include Justices of peace, District courts, Regional courts and the Supreme Court as the highest judicial body within the courts of general jurisdiction.
Justices of peace resolve small claims at the local level.
District (rayon) courts function as courts of first instance and courts of appeals for decisions of justices of peace. These courts make initial decisions in the majority of criminal and civil cases.
Regional (oblast) courts serve as trial courts in more serious crimes and civil matters, and as appellate courts reviewing district court's judgments.
The Supreme Court hears civil, administrative, criminal, and other cases by way of supervision and for newly discovered circumstances. The Supreme Court may issue explanations on questions concerning to judicial practice.
The military courts are included into the system of courts of general jurisdiction. They form a three tier system organized under the territorial principle and include garrison, district (navy) courts and the Military Chamber of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
The Commercial Courts adjudicate commercial and economic disputes between business entities. These courts are organized at the level of constituent components of the Russian Federation.
The Russian Federation Constitutional Court adjudicates matters governed by the Russian Federation Constitution. Rulings of the Constitutional Court are binding and final. Some subjects of the Russian Federation may adopt their own "subject" constitutions, and that's why, they have their own "subject" constitutional courts.