Economy of the United States

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 529.

The economy of the United States is the world's largest national economy and the world's second largest overall economy, the GDP (Gross Domestic Product Внутренний валовый продукт) of the EU being approximately $2 trillion larger. The U.S. is one of the world's wealthiest nations, with abundant (богатый, обильный) natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and high productivity. The U.S. is the world's third-largest producer of oil and second-largest producer of natural gas. It is the largest trading nation in the world. Its four largest export trading partners are as of 2011: Canada, China, Mexico and Japan.

The United States has a mixed economy and has maintained a stable GDP growth rate, a moderate unemployment rate, and high levels of research and capital investment. It has been the world's largest national economy (not including colonial empires) since at least the 1890s. As of 2010, the country remains the world's largest manufacturer, representing a fifth of the global manufacturing output. Of the world's 500 largest companies, 132 are headquartered in the United States. This is twice the total of any other country. The labor market in the United States has attracted immigrants from all over the world and its net (чистый) migration rate is among the highest in the world. The U.S. is one of the top-performing economies in studies such as the Ease of Doing Business Index, the Global Competitiveness Report, and others. The United States is ranked first globally in the IT (Information Technology) industry competitiveness index.

About 60% of the global currency reserves have been invested in the United States dollar, while 24% have been invested in the euro. The country is one of the world's largest and most influential financial markets. The New York Stock Exchange (formally known as NYSE Euronext) is the world's largest stock exchange (фондовая биржа) by market capitalization. Foreign investments made in the United States total almost $2.4 trillion, which is more than twice that of any other country. As of 2010, the European Union as a whole was the largest trading partner of the U.S., whereas Canada, China, and Mexico were the largest individual trading nations.