Electronics

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 456.

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Предлоги

Времени:

In употребляется перед названием:

частей суток – in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, (но: at night);

месяцев – in March, in July;

времен года – in summer, in winter;

хронологических дат – in 1956;

in в значении «через» - in 5 minutes (через 5 минут);

Onупотребляется перед названием:

дней недели – on Sunday;

даты – on the second of February;

Atупотребляется при:

указании точного момента времени - at 5 o'clock, at 15 minutes to 5;

From … to – с (от) … до – from 7 to 9.

Места:

In – в (внутри) – in the box;

On – на (на поверхности) – on the box;

At – у, около - at the window, at the blackboard;

Under – под – under the table.

Направления:

To – к (по направлению к чему-либо) – to the station; to the friend;

Into – в (движение вовнутрь чего-либо) – to put the books into the bookcase;

From – от, из (движение от чего-либо) – from the library;

Out of – из (движение из внутренней части) – out of the classroom.

Electronics is one of the branches of science and technology. It is different from electrical science and technology. Electrical engineering tasks are the generation, distribution, control and application of electrical power. Electronics, in its turn, uses the controlled motion of electrons through different media and vacuum. This ability has a significant importance in device control.

Today, in comparison with the first devices, most modern electronic devices have semiconductor components in the base of their construction rather than vacuum tubes and electric relays.

The study of semiconductor devices and their technology is the task of physics. The design and construction of electronic circuits are the tasks of electronic engineering. There are many different electronic components such as capacitors, resistors, diodes, transistors, amplifiers, insulators etc. These components usually have to be connected together on a printed circuit board (PCB).

A printed circuit board with a great amount of electronic components is an integrated circuit (IC). There are three main advantages of ICs over discrete circuits: efficiency, low cost and performance.

The high level of flexibility and reliability of transistors have a great significance in modern microelectronics. Besides, the transistor had the potential to work faster and more reliably and to consume much less power than a vacuum tube. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a single small chip will have a great advantage over the manual assembly of circuits with the use of discrete electronic components.

There are two available groups of circuits and components: analog and digital. A particular device has an analog or digital circuit or a mix of the two types.