Grammar focus 4
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 438.
THE ADJECTIVEDegrees of Comparison of Adjectives Степени сравнении прилагательных
| Types of Adjectives Типы прилагательных | The Positive Degree Положительная степень | The Comparative Degree Сравнительная степень | The Superlative Degree Превосходная степень |
| I. прилагательные а\ односложные б\ двусложные, оканчивающиеся на -ow, -er, -e, -y II.Многосложные прилагательные III.Прилагательные, имеющие иные формы | - big narrow clever nice busy - comfortable good bad old far late | -er bigger narrower cleverer nicer busier more more comfortable better worse older elder farther further later latter | -est the biggest the narrowest the cleverest the nicest the busiest the most the most comfortable the best the worst the oldest \сравнение возраста, срока, времени\ the eldest \ по старшинству в семье\ the farthest \ сравнение расстояния\ the furthest \ сравнение по порядку следования предметов \ the latest \ сравнение по времени \ the last \ сравнение по порядку следования событий \ |
e.g. I. M.1 This book is as thick as that one. M.2 This book is not so thickas that one. M.3 This book is thicker than that one. M.4 This book is much thicker than that one. M.5 This book is the thickest of all ( in the collection, among my books…)
II. M.1 These films are as interesting as those ones. M.2 These films are not so interesting as those ones. M.3 These films are more interesting than those ones. M.4 These films are much more interesting than those ones. M.5 These films are the most interesting of all ( in the series, among thrillers…)
III. 1. My elder sister is 5 years older than me. 2. This village is 20 km farther than ours. 3. Go further! \ Продолжайте! \ 4. This house is further up (down) the street. 5.This tree is in the farthest corner of the park. 6. The concert started later than usual. 7. Jane and Mary are college-mate s. The former is from Spain, the latter from France. 8.What's the latest news? 9. Who is the last in the queue? 10. What' his latestbook? What's his lastbook?
UNIT 6The Adverb Наречие
~ are formed from the adjectives with the help of the suffix - ly \ образуются при помощи суффикса – ly, который присоединятся к прилагательному e.g. sad - sadly, quick - quickly, rare – rarely, nice – nicely.
Note 1: Some adverbs 1.coincide with the corresponding adjectives in form \ Некоторые наречия совпадают по форме с соответствующими прилагательными\ e.g. fast – fast, 2. Have both derived and non derived forms different in meaning \ имеют как производную так и непроизводную формуы различающиеся по значению\ hard – hard, hardly; near – near, nearly; close – close, closely
Note 2: Adverbs in English are usually governed by verbs of dynamic characteristicswhile static verbs usually govern adjectives; in Russian both the positions are adverbial: \Наречиями в английском языке как правило управляют глаголы динамического характера, статические глаголы или глаголы состояния управляют прилагательными e.g. She looked coldly at him \ Она взглянула на него холодно\ She looked cold\Казалось ей было холодно\ She spoke badly of him.\ Она плохо о нем отзывалась\ She felt bad \Она плохо себя чувствовала.
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