Grammar Reference
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 489.
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Unit 4
Previous word.
Do this word chain in which each word begins with the last letter of the
Exercise 52. Word Chain.
1. use of, permission to use, admission
2. intense physical or mental effort
3. beginner
4. nonsense or litter, garbage
5. a few
6. printed sheet of paper with information or advertising
7. full, whole, combined
8. the opposite of profit
9. series of events or piece of thin rope
10. aim
11. allow
12. three-legged stand for supporting a camera
13. not bright
14. unhappy, sad, depressed
15. interesting, attractive, likable
16. room for athletics
| Positive | Negative | Interrogative |
| I have done We have done You have done You have done He has done She has done It has done They have done | I have not done We have not done You have not done You have done He has not done She has not done It has not done They have not done | Have I done? Have we done? Have you done? Have you done? Has he done? Has she done? Has it done? Have they done? |
| I've done He's done | I haven't done He hasn't done |
1. We use the Present Perfect when there is always a connection with now. The action in the past has a result now.
· ‘Where's your key?' ‘I don't know. I've lost it.' (I haven't got it now)
2. We often use the Present Perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening:
· Oh! I've cut my finger.
3. You can use the Present Perfect with just ,ever, never, already, always, often, once, twice, 3 times and yet:
· Hello. Have you just arrived?
4.We use the Present Perfect when we talk about a period that continues until now (recently, lately / these last few days / so far / since breakfast etc.):
· Have you heard from George recently?
5. We use the Present Perfect with today / this morning / this evening etc. when these periods are not finished at the time of speaking:
· Ihave typedfour letterstoday.(perhaps I'll type more before today is finished)
6. Note that we say ‘It's the first time something has happened'(present perfect):
· Don is having a driving lesson. He is very nervous and unsure because it is his first lesson.
It'sthe first timehehas drivena car. (not ‘drives')
or Hehas neverdrivena carbefore.
7. We also use the Present Perfect with since, for, how long:
· They have been in prison for five months.
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