Glossary
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 904.
Fill in the gaps with the suitable word combinations from the box.
Exercise 5
| a little | a few | many | both | some |
| a lot of (2) | few | much | no | anything |
Two years ago I moved to a new neighbourhood. There seem to be very ... (1) ...people in this area who are without telephones, so I expected to get a new phone quickly.
I applied for one as soon as I moved into my new house, “We aren't supplying ... (2) ...new phones in your area,” an engineer told me. ... (3) ... people want new phone at the moment and the company is employing fewerengineers than last year so as to save money. A new phone won't cost you ... (4) ... money, but it will take ... (5) ... time. We can't do ... (6) ... for you before December. You need ... (7) ... patience if you're waiting for a new phone and you need ... (8) ... friends whose phones you can use as well.
Fortunately, I had ... (9) ... . December came and went, but there was ... (10) ...sign of a phone. I went to the company's local office to protest. “They told me I'd have a phone by December,” I protested. “Which year?” the assistant asked.
| assume v assumption n | · to believe (something) to be true without actually having proof that it is; suppose · to take or claim for oneself; begin to have or use · something that's is taken as a fact or believed to be true without proof · the act of assuming |
| available adj | able to be had, obtained, used, seen, etc. |
| cost v | to have an amount of money as a price |
| cost n | the amount of money paid or needed for buying, doing, or producing something |
| real cost | the worth of something after all losses have been deducted |
| opportunity cost | the amount that a factor of production could have earned if put to another us |
| costs n | the cost of taking a matter to a court of law, esp. as ordered to be paid by the side that lost the case to the side that won it |
| real costs | various resources used in producing a good or a service |
| count v | · to say or name the numbers in order, one by one by groups · to name or take note of (all the units belonging to a group) one by one in order to find the whole number in the group; total |
| cover v | · to place something upon or over (something) in order to protect or hide it · to deal with or take into account · to be enough money for |
| convince v | to make someone completely certain about something; persuade |
| evaluate v | to calculate or judge the value or degree of |
| fit v | · to be the right size or shape (for) · to be suitable (for) |
| give up v | · to stop having or doing · to stop attempting something; admit defeat |
| gain v | to obtain (something useful, advantageous, wanted, profitable, etc.) |
| improve v | · to make better; bring to a better or more acceptable state · to get better |
| involve v | · to cause (someone or oneself) to become connected or concerned · to have as a necessary part or result; entail |
| job n full-time job part-time job | · regular paid employment · a piece of work · something hard to do · one's affair; duty a job when a person works during the whole of the usual working period a job when a person works during only a part of the regular working time |
| level n | a general standard of quality or quantity |
| loss n | · the act or an example of losing or failing to keep something · the amount by which the cost of an article or business operation is greater than the income it produces |
| lose v | · to no longer have (something) as a result of carelessness or accident · stop possessing · to fail to keep; not to continue to have |
| opportunity n | a favourable moment or occasion (for doing something) |
| obtain v | to become the owner of , esp. by means of effort or planning |
| power n | · control over others; influence · right to act, given by law, rule, or official position · ability to have physical effect; force; strength |
| lifetime earning power | possible income a person can earn during his or her life |
| reason v | · to use one's reason · to form an opinion based on reason · to persuade (someone) to do/not to do |
| reasoning | the use of one's reason |
| require v | · to need or make necessary · to demand by right; give an order (for or to), with the expectation that it will be obeyed |
| return n investment return | · the act or an example of returning · the act of giving, putting, or sending something back · an amount of money produced as a profit an amount of money earned from the purchase of materials, machines, property, securities, etc |
| seek v | · to make a search for; try to find or get something · to ask for; go to request · to try; make an attempt |
| tradeoff n tradeoff v | a balance between two (opposing) situations or qualities, intended to produce an acceptable or desirable result to exchange one thing for another |
| value n | · the usefulness, helpfulness, or importance of something, esp. in comparison with other things · the worth of something in money or as compared with other goods for which it might be exchanged · worth compared with the amount paid |
| value v | · to calculate the value, price or worth of · to consider to be of great worth; esteem |
| vary v | · to be different; have qualities that are not the same as each other · to (cause) to become different; change, esp. continually · group to which it belongs |
| variety n | · the fact of varying; difference in quality, type, or character · a number or collection of different sorts of the same general type · a particular type that is different from others in |
| various adj | different from each other; of (many) different kinds |
| worth n worth adj | value · having the stated value · having possessions of the stated value · deserving of |
Topics for the Power Point presentations:
1. Opportunity costs and tradeoffs.
2. Economic choices a society makes.
3. Class inequality in educational attainment.
4. British academic qualifications.
5. British educational system.
6. Secondary School Qualifications.
7. University Degrees.
8. Education and Earning Power.
9. Social background and school continuation decisions.
10. Gender-specific trends in the value of education.
[1] преддверие, отправной пункт, канун, начало
[2] В практике Финуниверситета используется лингафонный курс A. Mack. “The Language of Business” (издательство BBC и ИНФРА-М).
[3] исходная информация
[4] От exempli gratia (лат) ; "ради примера" , например.
[5] “How do you do?” is now only occasionally used in formal introductions, such usage is old-fashioned and not recommended.
[6] Назвался груздем – полезай в кузов.
[7] Выражение, данное курсивом.
[8] Сосед по комнате, общежитию и пр.
[9] Загородная прогулка, экскурсия, пикник.
[10] Вычеты.
[11] Глуп тот, кто дважды попадается на ту же удочку.
[12] With some words, when the stress is on the first syllable, the word is a noun. When the stress is on the second syllable, it is a verb. Sometimes the meanings are related (¢progress – to pro¢gress), they can also be quite different (¢conduct – to con¢duct).
[13] A quantifier is a word that indicates an amount or quantity.
[14] All the hairs on the head.
[15] Trade.
[16] Money.
[17] Letters.
[18] Jeanswear, etc.
[19] Housework, etc.
[20] Is used with a singular or plural verb (L.G. Alexander, “Longman English Grammar”).
[21] Is used with a singular or plural verb (L.G. Alexander, “Longman English Grammar”).
[22] But in modern English one may come across the following:
Scarcity is the situation that exists when demand for a good, service or resource is greater than supply.
[23] хандредвейт, центнер
· short hundredweight (about 45.4 kg) американский (короткий) центнер
· long hundredweight (about 50.8 kg) - большой (английский) центнер
· metric hundredweight (in the metric system) equal to 50 kg
[24] Possibility is hardly ever used with the verb have, it is simply something possible.
Opportunity means a favourable moment or occasion. It is often used:
a) in the constructions
the / an opportunity of doing something/ to do something
an opportunity for smb. to do something / an opportunity for something
equality of opportunity;
b) with the verbs
have, find, get, take, make the most of, miss, waste, give, provide, afford, offer;
c) with the following adjectives:
good, excellent, wonderful, golden, welcome, rare, unique.
Chance is often used in the same sense as “opportunity” in informal style.
[25] "Лига плюща", группа самых престижных частных колледжей и университетов на северо-востоке США: Йельский университет (Yale University), Дартмутский колледж (Dartmouth College), Колумбийский университет (Columbia University), Пенсильванский университет (University of Pennsylvania), Принстонский университет (Princeton University), Корнеллский университет (Cornell University), Гарвардский университет (Harvard University) и Университет Брауна (Brown University), известные высоким уровнем обучения и научных исследований. Название связано с тем, что по английской традиции стены университетов - членов Лиги увиты плющем.
[26] Автобиография.
[27] Область непознанного.
[28] Беспроцентная ссуда.
[29] Район трущоб ("город в городе") Бедный район, обычно в центральной части крупного промышленного города.
[30] уровень образования; образовательная подготовка
[31] Для экзаменов на общее свидетельство о среднем образовании – GCSE и свидетельство о среднем образовании продвинутого уровня – GCE A-levels многие школы предлагают на выбор не менее 20 предметов.
[32] Сокр. от Advanced Level – экзамен по программе средней школы второго уровня сложности – на повышенном уровне (сдается по окончании шестого класса; результаты этого экзамена учитываются при поступлении в университет).
[33] Source: Census Bureau.
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