Perspectives on Knowledge, Information, Data

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 481.

Text A

Read the text A and fill in the gaps with the suitable form of the word (1-10). There is an example at the beginning (0).

VOCABULARY

Based on the information the text provides, analyse the curriculum of schools, colleges and universities in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the target language countries and prepare a report.

Dwell on the following.

Scan the text and answer the questions.

What classification of academic discipline do you know?

What classification of sciences do you know?

Skim the text and give the right answer to the following.

1. What is the difference between field of science, discipline and subdiscipline?
2. What is the difference between hard-pure, hard-applied disciplines and soft-pure, soft-applied ones?

1. Why do you think different classifications of sciences and academic disciplines might exist?
2. What is the significance of these classifications?

(0) management

Before one can begin to talk about knowledge (0) ………………. (manage) (KM), one must start by clearly defining the meaning of the word "knowledge". It is important to understand what constitutes knowledge and what falls under the category of information or data. Unfortunately, this is a more difficult task than may be apparent at first. Within everyday language, within specific fields, and even within the same disciplines, the word "knowledge" often takes on a (1) ……………… (vary) of meanings.

In everyday language we use knowledge all the time. Sometimes we mean know-how, while other times we are talking about wisdom. On many occasions we even use it to refer to information. Part of the difficulty of (2) …………… (define) knowledge arises from its relationship to two other concepts, namely data and information. These two terms are often regarded as lower (3) ……………. (nominate) of knowledge, but the exact relationship varies greatly from one example to another.

Theirauf (1999) defines the three components as follows: data is the lowest point, an (4) ……………….. (structure) collection of facts and figures; information is the next level, and it is regarded as structured data; finally knowledge is defined as "information about information".

However, increasingly one sees definitions that treat knowledge as a more complex and personal concept that incorporate more than just information. The Longman online dictionary has one definition that begins to approach the way that knowledge is usually regarded within KM. It states "the information, skills, and (5)…………….. (understand) that you have gained through learning or experience." Although still (6)……………. (close) associated with information, concepts like skills, understanding, and experience begin to surface.