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| civil procedure
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| the determination of a dispute and pronouncement of judgment
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| substantive law
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| delivery of a pleading, notice or other paper in a suit, to the opposite party; communication of the substance of the process to the defendant, either by actual delivery or by other methods
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| procedural law
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| the body of rules of practice to be adhered to in adjudicating a dispute before a court of civil, as opposed to criminal, jurisdiction
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| adjudication
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| a claim in law and fact sufficient to form the basis of a valid lawsuit, as a breach of contract
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| appellate court
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| a party's request to a court to dismiss a case because of settlement, voluntary withdrawal, procedural defect or claim is one for which the law provides a remedy
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| service of process
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| formal allegation that facts as stated in the pleadings, even if true, are not legally sufficient for the case to proceed further (in modern procedure it is substituted by a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted)
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| merits
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| alternatives to the slow and costly process of litigation, including arbitration, conciliation, mediation and summary proceedings
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| cause of action
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| the positive law that creates, defines and regulates the rights and duties of the parties and that may give rise to a cause of action
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| motion to dismiss
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| a court having authority to review the law applied by the lower court in the same case
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| demurrer
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| An agreement between two litigants to resolve a matter privately before the court has rendered its decision
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| alternative dispute resolution
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| the body of rules for carrying on the suit, including pleading, process, evidence and practice
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| out-of-court settlement
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| the essential issues or the main question which is at issue in an action
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