Ex 3 Look through the text and write out the names of the stages in a ship's life-cycle it describes.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 463.
Ex 2 Match the English expressions with their Russian equivalents.
Ex 1 What stages in the lifecycle of a product can you describe?
A WELCOME TO THE INDUSTRY
UNIT 3 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
| assess – оценивать consider – рассматривать, считать, полагать customer – клиент, заказчик discard – списывать (за негодностью) identify – опознавать, выделять influence – влиять initial – первоначальный, исходный | launch – спускать на воду, запускать recycle – повторно использовать, перерабатывать repair – ремонт, ремонтировать service – обслуживание sketch – набросок specify – детально излагать, предписывать vessel – судно |
| initial idea | → …… → | the end-of-life stage |
First, someone has a new idea. Then, … . After that … . Finally … and the materials are recycled.
| 1. maritime industry 2. complex interaction 3. meet requirements 4. customer viewpoints 5. regulatory viewpoints 6. steel structure 7. iterative approach 8. capabilities available 9. take into account | a. правила, инструкции (Регистра) b. имеющиеся возможности c. судостроительная промышленность d. итеративный подход e. принимать во внимание f. сложное взаимодействие g. удовлетворять требованиям h. пожелания заказчика i. конструкция корпуса |
The development process in the maritime industries is characterized by a complex interaction of many partners working in parallel. From the initial concept to the final design, many conflicting requirements have to be met. This means that we need to provide constant exchange of information between the teams who work on the project.
In the life-cycle of a ship five different stages can be identified.
The Concept Design Stage starts with a vision or an innovative idea. Here we set general requirements for the product. We analyze and take into account customer and regulatory viewpoints. In this way, major technical parameters are defined.
While the concept design provides a sketch of the solution, at the Design Stage detailed models of the steel structure, machinery and equipment are developed. A ship is a complex product, therefore different aspects influence each other (for example, the steel structure has to be changed to meet the requirements specified by machinery or ventilation design). As a result, we usually need to use the iterative approach to find an optimal solution. At each step the solution is assessed by means of numerical modelling and experiments, both virtual and real.
The Realization Stage is focused on manufacturing process. Taking into account the capabilities available, we define methods for manufacturing the necessary components. For each building block of a vessel, manufacturing plans are created and necessary materials are ordered. When the components are ready, the ship is assembled, launched and tested.
At the Service Stage we address the problems of maintenance and repair, and we can use the information collected to optimize the new design variants which we develop.
Finally, at the Discard Stage, we look into the issues of breaking up the ship and recycling.
Shipbuilding industry mostly deals with the first three stages, and various software tools are used to support the processes. They operate on product data, as design knowledge is created, changed or managed at all stages. Also, an access to the data available from all life-cycle stages is an important aspect to consider.
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