COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 515.

Answer the following questions by referring to the reading passage.

1. What are elementary particles?

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2. Have elementary particles been studied recently? How long?

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3. What did Greek philosophers believe?

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4. What was noticeable in 1800s?

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5. Do scientists now fully understand particles? What will they have to do?

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Exercise 2: Complete each of the following statements with words/phrases from the reading passage

1. Elementary particles are particles that cannot be ……………. down into any other

particles.

2. The term elementary particles also is used more ……………. to include some

subatomic particles.

3. Particles that cannot be broken further are sometimes called fundamental particles to ……………. confusion.

4. These fundamental particles provide the basic units that make up all matter and

energy in the …………….

5. Scientists and philosophers have sought to ……………. and study elementary

particles since ancient times.

6. People in other ancient cultures developed similar ……………. of basic substances.

7. In the 1800s British physicist John Dalton was so ……………. he had identified the most basic objects.

8. Electrons ……………. the dense nucleus of an atom.

9. Quarks and three other types of particles-leptons, force-carrying bosons, and the

Higgs boson-are ……………. fundamental

10.……………. some questions about particles remain unanswered by the standard model

Exercise 3:Decide whether each of the following statements is true (T), false (F) or with no information to clarify (N).

1. ……………. Elementary particles are the smallest ones.

2. ……………. Elementary and fundamental particles are the same.

3. ……………. All matter and energy are made up basing on fundamental particles.

4. ……………. Elementary particles have been studied for a very long time.

5. ……………. According to Aristotle and other Greek philosophers, every thing

consisted of fire, water, air, and earth.

6. ……………. People in other ancient cultures had different opinions about

fundamental particles.

7. ……………. Early scientists showed that the materials were not fundamental after

they had collected and analyzed information about the world.

8. ……………. In Greek, ‘atom' means ‘visible'.

9. ……………. Quarks may soon be broken down into smaller particles.

10. ……………. The ‘standard model' theory contributed greatly to the understanding of the universe.