Listening and speaking
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 416.
Pronunciation
Managing your money
13. Look at the underlined letters in the words below. Are they pronounced [Λ] or [ju:]? Read the words.
human study currency use produce such budget
production result utility much consume usually but
14. Discuss these questions first.
a.Have you ever been abroad? What countries have you visited?
b.Which of the currencies did you use in these countries?
c.How many foreign currencies can you name?
15. Listen to Sam Peterson talk about a business trip. Say which currencies he mentions. Why doesn't he need any dollars?
16. Work in pairs. Take turns to quiz your partner about countries and currencies.
Example: What's the currency in China? Or which country uses the yen?
17. In pairs, interview each other with the questionnaire. Ask for more information.
Check with a dictionary what the underlined words mean.
Have you ever …?
• regret to buy something
• sell anything on the Internet
• lose a debit card or wallet
• save for something for a long time
• win any money
• find any money
• be robbed
• lend money to someone who didn't pay you back
• buy anything on the Internet
• borrow money from your friends
18. Read this passage and answer the questions.
If you save 1 dollar, 1 ruble and 1 euro a day and put them into a piggy bank over a year time you can save a substantial amount. Count the money in a ruble currency according to dollar and euro to ruble exchange rates. How many rubles will you have? How many rubles will you have if you start saving money at the age of 12? How many rubles will you have if you save money from the age of 21 until the retirement?
Reading and speaking
19. Before you read try to answer these questions.
a.What are the goods and services you desire in life? A new dress? A car? An education? A new haircut?
b.How do you decide what to buy?
c.How much money do you usually take when you go shopping?
d.Is there something you want to buy but can't afford it?
e.Is your budget realistic?
20. Look quickly through these three short texts and entitle them.
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A knowledge of economics, the study of how countries use their resources to produce and consume goods and services, is important to everyone. Your understanding of economics will influence how you earn a living and help you make better economic decisions.
People begin to learn about economics when they are very young. Even before they start school, they make two very important economic discoveries. They find that there are lots of things in the world they want. They also find that they cannot have them all. According to our basic needs and individual wants we require different kinds of goods and services. Commodities of different kinds satisfy our wants and needs in different ways. A new toy, a laptop and a textbook satisfy very different wants. This characteristic of satisfying a want is known as “utility”.
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To buy goods and services people can use their money. People work hard to earn their money, so it's important that they spend it wisely. First, they should learn to buy what they need before what they want and how to make smart choices with money. As a result, people must make choices about what they truly need and what they can afford.
In order to learn and support effective money-managing skills, it's good to create a budget to plan how to spend and save money wisely. A budget can help organize and keep track of how money is used. It can show how much money has been earned, how much has been spent so far, and how much is left. It can also show expected expenses, in order to plan how much to save. In general, it helps you predict the expenses you're going to make and find out how much money is left for non-essential purchases. When purchasing an item, it's a good idea to shop around and compare prices to find the lowest price.
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In a market economy, prices are the result of the needs and wants of both producers and consumers. Producers and consumers work with each other to do business and they are related by supply and demand. Supply, the quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to offer at each possible price during a specific period of time, is the seller's side of a market. Demand, the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price during a specific period of time, is the buyer's side of a market transaction. When the demand is high for something and the supply is low or limited, producers might raise the price to maximize how much money they earn. Some people are willing to pay more for something they want that is difficult to get. However, if the supply is large and the demand is low, the price might go down. Consumers are very sensitive to some price change whereas producers want the price that gives them the most value for the least cost.
20.1. Read these texts again. Give extensive answers to the questions using the following expressions to start your answers:
In my opinion …, From my point of view …, Personally, I think that …,
As I see it …, It seems to me that …, As the text says …,
1.What helps people make better economic decisions?
2.When do people begin to learn about economics?
3.What is utility?
4.What can people use their money for?
5.Are there any differences between people's needs and wants?
6.What is a budget?
7.Why is demand the buyer's side of a market transaction?
8.What price do consumers prefer?
20.2. Give English equivalents for the following words and phrases from the texts.
Ïîòðåáëÿòü, çàðàáàòûâàòü íà æèçíü, ïðèíèìàòü ðåøåíèå, ïîòðåáèòåëüñêèå òîâàðû, óäîâëåòâîðÿòü ïîòðåáíîñòè, çàðàáàòûâàòü, ïîëüçà, äåëàòü âûáîð, ïîêóïàòü, ïîçâîëèòü ñåáå, íåñóùåñòâåííûå ïîêóïêè, ñáåðåãàòü, ðàñõîäû, ïî íèçêîé öåíå, ñäåëêà, ñòîèìîñòü, ñïðîñ, ïðåäëîæåíèå.
20.3. Match the highlighted words from the text with their definitions.
1._____ is a place or service that allows buyers and sellers to exchange goods and services.
2._____ is work that someone does for someone else.
3._____ is someone who makes or grows goods, or offers services.
4._____ is someone who buys goods or services.
5._____ is the amount of something available to consumers.
6._____ is how much consumers want something.
7._____ is something an organism must have in order to survive.
8._____ is something someone would like to have.
9._____ is a person who sells servicers.
10._____is a person who buys different goods.
11._____ are things that are made or grown and usually something you can see or touch.
20.4. Match the verbs on the left with the words on the right to make word phrases.
1. 
earn a. money
2.afford b. needs and services
3.make c. expenses
4.require d. a living
5.satisfy e.the prices
6.save f. goods
7.predict g. purchases
8.set h. a choice
20.5. Make sentences with these word phrases.
Example: Some students earn their living and know how to spend money wisely.
21. Read this advice on managing your money. Add some more tips.
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22. Use the words from the text in 21 to complete this dialogue.
A: Are you happy with your (1) _______ ?
B: It's OK, but I would like the company to pay me more!
A: Do you save money for a (2) ________ ?
B: Yes, I do. I think it's important to save for your old age.
A: Are you a clever shopper?
B: Yes, I always (3) ________ the prices in two or three shops
before I buy something.
A: Do you have a (4) ________ ?
B: Yes, I think it's important to plan your spending.
A: Do you have a car?
B: No, I don't. I (5) ________ to work.
23. In pairs, answer the questions.
1.Are you good at managing your money?
2.Can you manage your personal finances yourself?
3.Do you mostly spend money on what you need or want?
4.Do you save any money? If so, how bank, cash or what?
5.Which pieces of the advice do you follow?
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