Just in time production
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 362.
Match the responses with the questions. Translate the dialogue.
Task 2. Translate into English.
Grammar: Used to
Task 6. Answer the following questions.
- What is the effect of the systems theory?
- What does the situational or contingency theory assert?
- What do chaos theorists suggest?
- What does the team building approach or theory emphasize?
| Now he doesn't smoke. But he used to smoke 2 years ago. We used to live in a small village but now we live in a big city. Didheuse to earn much when he worked at a plant? They didn't use to go out very often they had to study much. |
Task 1. Complete the sentences with used to.
1. The people of this area don't work at this factory any more. But they _______________________ a few years ago.
2. She _________________ my boss but we don't work together any longer.
3. We live in a rural area now but we ___________________ in a big city.
4. Now there's only one team of managers in our agency but there ____________________ three.
5. He stopped to study hard. He _______________ a year ago.
6. I know he doesn't live here now but _____________________________ some time ago?
7. He's started spending a lot of money this year. But he __________________ a few years ago.
8. I know he doesn't play the piano now but ___________________________ when he was a child?
1. Раньше они работали в этом офисе.
2. Раньше было три команды менеджеров в этом агентстве.
3. Раньше она была моим начальником.
4. Раньше он не тратил много денег, как он делает это сейчас.
5. Раньше он работал с вами?
1. So what's Just 'In 'Time production, then?
2. What do you mean, exactly?
3. And this is a Japanese idea?
4. And components are delivered just when they're needed, so there's no inventory?
5. Isn't that dangerous? I mean, if just one supplier doesn't deliver on time, or delivers defective components…
6. Are there other advantages, apart from reduced inventory costs?
7. So why don't we do it in Europe and the States?
a. American companies have developed versions of JIT, which they call lean production, or stockless production, or continuous flow manufacture. But over here there's always the risk of strikes or other problems, so companies prefer to keep reserve inventories. Not so much just-in-time as just-in-case...
b. It's a system in which products are 'pulled' through the text. the manufacturing process from the end, rather than 'pushed' through from the beginning.
c. Several. There's no risk of overproduction if demand falls, or of idle workers waiting for work-in-process to arrive. It shortens throughput time, which increases productivity. And it probably means that defects or quality problems are noticed more quickly.
d. Sure, but the big Japanese manufacturers have large networks of subcontractors, and the whole system is based on long-term relationships and mutual trust.
e. That's the idea. JIT regards inventories as avoidable costs, rather than as assets.
f. Well, nothing is bought or produced until it is needed. Each section of the production process makes the necessary units only when they are required by the next stage of the manufacturing process, or by distributors or customers.
g. Yes. The system is usually credited to Taiichi Ohno at Toyota in the early 1950s, but he said he got the idea from looking at American supermarkets.
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