B. 6. Translate the sentences

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 476.

1. Advanced technology is used to collect, sort and process materials that are discarded by industry or the public. 2. Materials which are recycled are less expensive than primary raw materials. 3. A lot of forests are being cut down, lakes are drying up. 4. Certain gases, such as water vapour, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane, are called greenhouse gases. 5. Large amounts of dust are emitted into the atmosphere by thermal electric plants. 6. There is no waste in nature: nothing is created, nothing is lost. 7. The making of synthetic fibers is accompanied by the emission of toxic carbon disulfide and hydrogen sulfide. 8. The exercise was done without any difficulty. 9. It has been established that air pollution in urban areas grows in proportion to the population.

C. 2. Read the text Ergonomics and find answer to the question: How does the International Ergonomics Association define Ergonomics?

The word, coined from the Greek 'ergos' (work) and 'nomos' (natural law) was first used in 1949 when a society was formed to bring together workers in various fields who were concerned with different aspects of the subject.

Ergonomics is the science of designing the job, equipment, and workplace to fit the worker. Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent repetitive strain injuries, which can develop over time and can lead to long-term disability.

The International Ergonomics Association defines ergonomics as follows: Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.

Ergonomics is employed to fulfill the two goals of health and productivity. It is relevant in the design of such things as safe furniture and easy-to-use interfaces to machines. Ergonomics is concerned with the ‘fit' between people and their technological tools and environments. It takes account of the user's capabilities and limitations in seeking to ensure that tasks, equipment, information and the environment suit each user.

To assess the fit between a person and the used technology, ergonomists consider the job (activity) being done and the demands on the user; the equipment used (its size, shape, and how appropriate it is for the task), and the information used (how it is presented, accessed, and changed).