B. 3. Translate the sentences paying attention to THAT

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 554.

B. 2. Translate the sentences

B. 1. Translate the sentences

1. The plant producing complex machinery is going to make computers. 2. While burning different substances combine with oxygen. 3. They were looking at the children playing in the garden. 4. Being occupied with his work he didn't notice when we entered the room. 5. The text being interesting, we translated it with pleasure. 6. People coming to St. Petersburg admire its architectural ensembles. 7. Having come to Moscow he called his aunt Polly. 8. The key having been found, we could open the room. 9. Having found the work interesting, I decided to take part in it. 10. The letter having come too late, we could do nothing.

1. The bridge being built across the river will connect two parts of the town. 2.Having been measured with inaccurate instruments the data were incorrect. 3.Having become familiar with the main laws of statics, we can study the laws of dynamics. 4. The compound being treated for several hours turned dark red.5.Metals being used in industry in the form of alloys have better properties than pure metals. 6. Having overcome the electrical bond, that holds the atoms together, the molecule breaks into fragments. 7. Having been heated the substance changed its properties.

1. The qualities of the new material are better than those of the old one. 2. A hydraulic cement is one that is capable of hardening under the influence of water. 3. The density of a liquid air is only a little less than that of water. 4. That part of the atmosphere which is above 7 miles is called stratosphere. 5. Every substance is made up of particles so small that they cannot be seen even under a good microscope. 6. For very low temperature work gases are the only substances that can be used. 7. Thatwater boils, when sufficiently heated, is common knowledge.8. It is recommended that senior management responsible for safety in a works or factory make a systematic list of all regular inspections. 9. In designing a building one should take care that most comfortable living conditions are created.

C. 1. Read the text FLOODS and answer the questions:

1. When can floods occur?

2. What do floods cause?

Worldwide, flooding is the most common natural disaster. Flooding occurs when water rises to potentially hazardous levels, either rapidly or gradually. Floodsare one of the most common hazards in the United States, where floods occur in a variety of localities. It is estimated that about 200 fatalities occur in the United States from flooding each year.

A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. The European Union (EU) Floods Directive defines a flood as a covering by water of land not normally covered by water. Flooding may result from the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake, which overflows or breaks levees, with the result that some of the water escapes its usual boundaries.

Flooding may be the result of a large amount of rainfall or a snow melt when the ground cannot absorb all of the water. While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and snow melt, it is not a significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man like a village, city or other inhabited area. Flood effects can be local, impacting a neighborhood or community, or very large, affecting entire river basins and multiple states.

Floods can also occur in rivers, when flow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are placed in natural flood plains of rivers. While flood damage can be virtually eliminated by moving away from rivers and other bodies of water, since time out of mind, people have lived and worked by the water to seek sustenance and capitalize on the gains of cheap and easy travel and commerce by being near water. That humans continue to inhabit areas threatened by flood damage is evidence. The perceived value of living near the water exceeds the cost of repeated periodic flooding.

However, all floods are not alike. Some floods develop slowly, sometimes over a period of days. But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any visible signs of rain. Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of roaring water that carries rocks, mud, and other debris and can sweep away most things in its path. Overland flooding occurs outside a defined river or stream, such as when a levee is breached, but still can be destructive. Flooding can also occur when a dam breaks, producing effects similar to flash floods: a wall of water moves down a valley inundating land, towns, roadways, and people in a very short period of time. Flooding also can occur downstream from dams. Often following heavy rain the pressure of water in a lake behind a dam becomes so great that the dam gives way. Of particular concern are earthen dams that can become weakened by a lengthy period of rainfall and moisture buildup in the ground. In these circumstances flooding can occur with little warning to the surrounding population. Even very small streams, gullies, creeks, culverts, dry streambeds, or low-lying ground that appear harmless in dry weather can flood.

There are other causes of dangerous flooding. Floods have different possible causes, such as heavy rainfall, hurricanes and cyclones. Earthquakes often set into motion huge waves over large bodies of water, creating exten­sive damage and flooding on the shore some distance away from the quake epicenter. This results in what is known as a tsunami.

In order to reduce the likelihood of human injury and property damage associated with flooding, it is important that community plan­ning measures be considered. People may need to be moved from low-lying regions along rivers and streams. The more settlement and construction of houses and other buildings in these localities, the greater the possibility of economic damage and potential danger to human life.

D. 1. Comment on the following statement:

1. Flooding may be the result of a large amount of rainfall or a snow melt.

2. Floods have different possible causes