Molar-incisor hypoplasia
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 527.
Types of fluorosis according to I.Moller (1965)
Dean's Index
| Classification | Criteria – description of enamel |
| Normal | Smooth, glossy, pale creamy-white translucent surface |
| Questionable | A few white flecks or white spots |
| Very mild | Small opaque, paper white areas covering less than 25% of the tooth surface |
| Mild | Opaque white areas covering less than 50% of the tooth surface |
| Moderate | All tooth surfaces affected; marked wear on biting surfaces; brown stain may be present |
| Severe | All tooth surfaces affected; discrete or confluent pitting; brown stain present |
| Type | Criteria – description of enamel |
| Questionable | |
| 2 - very mild | Small opaque, paper white areas covering less than 25% of the tooth surface |
| 3 - mild | Opaque white areas covering less than 50% of the tooth surface |
| 4 - moderate | Worn surfaces, brown stains are present |
| 5 - severe | All tooth surfaces affected; pigmentation and enamel destruction are present |
The treatment of children with enamel defects may include mineralization, bleaching of teeth, microabrasion technique and restorative treatment. Local, fluorotic lesions may respond very well to the microabrasion technique.
In recent years reports have been published of children with mineralization defects of the first permanent molars and, sometimes, the permanent incisors. This has been referred to as molar-incisor hypomineralization or hypoplasia and also as “cheese molars” because of the friable nature of the enamel of the molar tooth enamel. Although the condition would seem to have a chronological distribution, close inspection will often show 'unmatched' teeth to be affected – teeth that were formed at the same time do not present with symmetrical affliction. Only one molar, or perhaps three of the four, may be affected. The defects in the incisors - which are usually less severe and most likely to show isolated mottling - will likewise be irregularly distributed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication of such a familial association. The cause of this anomaly, and even whether it represents a new phenomenon, is uncertain. It has been suggested that there might be a genetic predisposition combining with an environmental insult that produces these changes, but this has yet to be substantiated.
| <== previous lecture | | | next lecture ==> |
| Fluorosis | | | Amelogenesis imperfecta |