Äàííûé ôàéë ïðèíàäëåæèò ñàéòó www.crypower.ru
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 453.
LESSON_2_TEXT_1
EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
Primary and secondary education. At the age of six, children in Russia enter a primary school where they study four years. Intermediate education begins with grade five and continues through grade nine. There are thousands of schools of different types in Russia. There are state schools of general education, where pupils study Russian (or a native language), Literature, Mathematics, History, Biology, Geography, Music, Arts and foreign languages. There are also a number of specialised schools, where pupils can get deep knowledge of certain subjects - foreign languages, Mathematics, Physics etc. Besides state schools (where education is free of charge) there appeared lately many private schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, colleges and special courses where tuition is paid by the parents. After 9 years of schooling children can study for three years more and receive a secondary school certificate or enter vocational-technical schools.
Special secondary education. Russia's system of special secondary education is well developed. There are more than two thousand special secondary schools in Russia. They train skilled and semi-professional workers such as technicians, nurses, primary school teachers, and other specialists. The specialized secondary school programme lasts up to four years, and graduates receive the equivalent of a general secondary education as well as specialized technical training. Vocational-technical schools offer one- to three-year programmes of training.
Higher education. There are more than five hundred establishments of higher education with more than two million students in Russia. A large percentage of students take correspondence courses or attend classes on a part-time basis. Tuition is free and students receive a monthly stipend, but some universities now charge students for tuition. Undergraduate training in higher educational institutions usually involves a four- or five-year course of study, after which students can enrol for graduate training for a one- to three-year term. Graduate students who successfully complete their courses of study, comprehensive examinations, and the defence of their dissertations receive degrees «Candidate of Sciences”. A higher degree, «Doctor of Sciences” is awarded to scholars who have made outstanding contributions to their disciplines.
The country's most well-known universities include Moscow M. V. Lomonosov State University founded in 1755, St Petersburg State University founded in 1819, Kazan' State University founded in 1804, and Novosibirsk State University founded in 1959. Other important universities are located in Rostov-na-Donu, Nizhny Novgorod, Tomsk, Vladivostok, and Voronezh.
Îòâåòüòå íà âîïðîñû
1. When do children in Russia enter a primary school?
2. How long do they study at the primary school?
3. What kinds of secondary schools are there in Russia?
4. What subjects do pupils study in secondary schools?
5. Is education in Russia free of charge?
6. What are the possible ways to continue education after finishing the secondary school?
7.What are the most well known Universities in Russia?
| <== previous lecture | | | next lecture ==> |
| Text_2D_ÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÍÛÉ ÈÍÆÅÍÅÐ ÍÓÆÄÀËÑß Â ÑÎÂÅÒÅ | | | ÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÍÈÅ Â ÐÎÑÑÈÈ |