Second Conditional

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 456.

Conditional If

1) First & Zero Conditionals:

(See unit 6)

If + Past simple would/could/might + inf.

¨ تعبر الحالة الثانية عن موقف غير محتمل حدوثه أو شيء مناقض للواقع و تستخدم في حالة وجود مضارع بسيط :

· If I knew his e-mail address, I'd sendhim an e-mail.

· I stay up late. I can't get up early in the morning.

= If I didn't stayup late, I'd get up early in the morning.

· He lives near me. . We see each other so often.

= If he didn't live near me, we wouldn't see each other so often.

¨ يمكن أن تعبر الحالة الثانية أحيانا عن شيء مستحيل أو شيء مناقض للواقع:

· If I were ten years younger, I'd go mountaineering.

· If I were a bird, I'd fly.

¨ لاحظ عكس الجملة في الإثبات و النفي:

· He doesn't work harder, so he doesn'tearn enough money.

= He would earn enough money if he worked harder.

¨لاحظ أنه يمكن استخدام was/were مع I/he/she/it مع ملاحظة أن were هي الأكثر استخداما ومع كل الضمائر الجمع والمفرد:

· If I was/were offered a ticket, I'd take it.

· She isn't a scientist. She can't do experiments.

= If she was/were a scientist, she could do experiments.

¨ في حالة استخدام so أو because بدلا من if تعود الجملة إلي ما كانت عليه قبل استخدام if:

· If he didn't eat so much, he wouldn't often get sick.

He eats too much, so he often gets sick.

He oftengets sick because he eats too much.

¨ عندما تبدأ الجملة بـ were يأتي بعدها : to+inf.

· If he knewthe address, he would giveit to me.

= Were he to knowthe address, he would giveit to me.

¨ وإذا كانت were موجودة أصلا في الجملة تأتي مكان if:

· If I were rich, I would help poor people.

= Were I rich, I would help poor people.

¨ بدلا من If ..not في الحالة الثانية نستخدم: