Part 1. Climate Affections
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 343.
Unit 3. Climate
Study the list of vocabulary and pronounce the words after the teacher:
Vocabulary:
affection [ə'fek∫ən] – âîçäåéñòâèå, âëèÿíèå
surrounding lowlands [sə'raundiŋ 'ləuləndz] – ïðèëåãàþùèå íèçìåííîñòè
moderating influence ['mɔdəreitiŋ 'influəns] – ñìÿã÷àþùåå âëèÿíèå
to involve [tə in'vɔlv] – âîâëåêàòü
intense [in'tens] – ñèëüíûé, èíòåíñèâíûé
average ['æv(ə)ridჳ] – ñðåäíÿÿ âåëè÷èíà
total ['təutl] – ñóììà, èòîã, âåñü, öåëûé, îáùèé
extreme [iks'tri:m] – êðàéíÿÿ ñòåïåíü
to set a picture – äàòü ïðåäñòàâëåíèå
longitude ['lɔndჳitju:d] – äîëãîòà
latitude ['lætitju:d] – øèðîòà
altitude ['æltitju:d] – âûñîòà íàä óðîâíåì ìîðÿ
pattern – ñèñòåìà, ñòðóêòóðà, îáðàçåö
to affect [tə ə'fekt] – âîçäåéñòâîâàòü, âëèÿòü
to effect [tə i'fekt] – âîçäåéñòâîâàòü, âëèÿòü
dry land – ñóøà, çåìëÿ
physical conditions – ôèçè÷åñêèå óñëîâèÿ
prevailing winds [pri'veiliŋ windz] – ïðåîáëàäàþùèå âåòðû
pole [pəul] – ïîëþñ
equator [i'kweitə] – ýêâàòîð
heart [ha:t] – ñåðäöå
ocean currents ['əu∫(ə)n 'kërənts] – îêåàíè÷åñêèå òå÷åíèÿ
nearness to the sea/ocean – áëèçîñòü ê ìîðþ/îêåàíó
generally – â îñíîâíîì
to classify [tə 'klæsifai] – êëàññèôèöèðîâàòü
to take into account [ə'kaunt] – ïðèíèìàòü ê ñâåäåíèþ
rainfall – êîëè÷åñòâî îñàäêîâ, ëèâåíü
combination – ñîåäèíåíèå, ñî÷åòàíèå, êîìáèíàöèÿ
torrid ['tɔrid] – æàðêèé, çíîéíûé, òðîïè÷åñêèé
temperate ['temp(ə)rit] – óìåðåííûé
frigid ['fridჳid] – õîëîäíûé
wet – ñûðîé
humid ['hju:mid] – âëàæíûé
sub-humid – ïîëóâëàæíûé
semi-arid [‚semi 'ærid] – ïîëóïóñòûííûé
arid ['ærid] – ïóñòûííûé
to retain – óäåðæàòü
to heat [tə hi:t] – íàãðåâàòü(ñÿ)
heat – òåïëî, æàðà
to furnish [tə 'fə:ni∫] – äàâàòü, äîñòàâëÿòü
disaster [di'za:stə] – áåäñòâèå, íåñ÷àñòüå
drought [draut] – çàñóõà
dike [daik] – äàìáà, ïëîòèíà, íàñûïü
to rise [tə raiz] (rose [rəuz], risen ['riz(ə)n)]) – ïîäíèìàòüñÿ
flood [flëd] – íàâîäíåíèå
hurricane ['hërikən] – óðàãàí
spiral ['spai(ə)rəl] – ñïèðàëü
Exercise 1. Practice the reading of the following words:
weather pattern, average weather, ocean currents, latitude, the sun's rays, altitude, moderating influence, most extreme climates, surrounding lowlands.
Exercise 2. Supply the Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
to set a picture of a weather pattern, nearness to the sea, a number of climate regions, nearer to the Poles, water takes longer to heat up, in the heart of the continent
Exercise 3. Supply the English equivalents to the following expressions:
òåìïåðàòóðà è îñàäêè, êëèìàò çàâèñèò îò øèðîòû, ñîëíå÷íûå ëó÷è çíà÷èòåëüíî ìåíåå èíòåíñèâíû ó ïîëþñîâ, âàæíîå âëèÿíèå, ñìÿã÷àþùåå âëèÿíèå, îêåàí óäåðæèâàåò òåïëî íàìíîãî äîëüøå, ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîãî ôàêòîðîâ
Exercise 4. Read the text “Climate” and answer the following questions:
1. What is climate?
2. What does climate involve to set a picture of the weather pattern?
3. What is climate affected by?
4. Which climate factors are the most important?
5. How are climates often classified by?
6. What climate regions does the world have?
7. What does climate depend on?
8. Why tropical areas are warmer than regions nearer to the Poles?
9. How does altitude affect climate?
10. How does nearness to the ocean affect climate?
11. Where are the most extreme climates found?
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