III. Read the text and translate it into Russian.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 374.

While reading the text for the first time find answers to the following questions:

1. What is the general subject of the text?

2. How many management functions are mentioned in the text?

3. What paragraph describes the organising function?

4. What function is described?

Successful organizations do not just happen – they are managed to be that way. Every organization needs skilled management. Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the work of organization members to achieve the goals of the organization. We shall briefly describe the four main management activities.

First, goals must be established for the organization, and plans must be developed to achieve these goals. Planning is the most important management function. Without plans, managers cannot know how they should organize people and resources, they cannot lead with confidence or expect others to follow them. Without a plan, managers and their followers have little chance of achieving their goals. Goals and plans provide a sense of direction, guide our decisions, and help us evaluate our progress.

Organising typically follows planning and shows how the organisation is going to achieve its goals. Organising is the process of arranging and allocating work authority, and resources among an organisation's members so that they can achieve an organisation's goals efficiently. Different goals, of course, require different structures.

Leading is the process of influencing people to work efficiently to achieve the organisation's goals. Leading means working with people. Managers must determine what things motivate subordinates to work in the best interests of the organization and to try to provide those things.

Finally, controlling helps to monitor employees' activities, determine whether the organization is moving toward its goals and make corrections as necessary. One reason for organization failure is that managers are not serious about control.

In practice, all four management functions are closely interrelated.

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