The Gerund. Forms and Functions

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 506.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

COMMUNICATIVE SITUATIONS

1. You have an exam. Your question is «Money in our society».

2. Discuss the functions of money:

n Medium of Exchange (money is accepted by people when they buy or sell goods and services or productive resources);

n Standard of Value (money is used like a ruler to compare the value of things people buy and sell).

n Store of Value (Money is a way to store value from the time people receive it until another time when they spend it).

3. Discuss the characteristics of money that help make it effective in accomplishing these functions: portability, uniformity, acceptability, durability, divisibility, stability in value.

4. Discuss the types of money and give examples of each type: commodity money (gold, silver), representative money (old U.S. Notes), fiat money (U.S. currency and coin), checkbook money.

5. Ask your fellow students what they know about Ukraine's banking system.

6. Express your attitude to the following expressions:

n Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.

n Time is money.

n Money is the root of all evil.

n Money is the guarantee of security.

n Money has no smell.

n No bees, no honey; no work, no money.

I. Change the sentences according to the pattern:

Pattern A:I like to read detective stories.

I like reading detective stories.

1. I began to write poems very early. 2. They stopped to smoke. 3. I hate to write letters. 4. I remember to tell you about it. 5. They prefer to stay at home in the evening. 6. His mother intends to spend her holiday in the Crimea. 7. She tried to open the window but couldn't. 8. I have just begun to translate the text.

Pattern B:Don't worry about it. It's no use.

It's no useworrying about it.

1. Don't smoke. It's a waste of money. 2. He solves cross-word puzzles very well. He is good at it. 3. Don't get angry. It's not worth it.
4. Don't study if you are feeling tired. There is no point. 5. Don't ask Tom to help you. It's no good. 6. Don't get a taxi. It's no use.

II. State the form of the Gerund. Translate the sentences:

1. On seeing the funny toy, the child burst out laughing. 2. I remember having invited my friends to my place. 3. Children like being told tales.
4. He doesn't like being praised in the presence of his fellow-students.
5. Why don't you do the work properly without being reminded? 6. I am glad having met her last week. 7. Who is responsible for the prices not having been fixed yet? 8. I look forward to going home next month. 9. I am surprised at your having missed so many lessons. 10. Choosinga present for that boy was not an easy matter for me.

III. Use the correct form of the Gerund:

1. I am tired of (to treat) like a child. 2. Everybody was surprised at her (to leave) so soon. 3. You've changed so much that he might be excused for not (to recognize) you. 4. I prefer (to drive) to (to drive) 5. I was proud of (to invite) there. 6. I have come to apologize for (to cause) all that trouble.
7. This matter wants (to clear up). 8. He was ashamed of (to be) rude to his sister. 9. It isn't worth (to speak) about it. 10. He hates (to ask) about it. 11. Stop (to argue) and start (to work). 12. By (to work) day and night he succeeded in (to finish) his work in time.

IV. State the function of the Gerund. Translate the sentences:

1. Dieting is very popular today. 2. This film is worth seeing. 3. Before leaving Kyiv we shall inform you. 4. They listened to her without interrupting. 5. Have you the means of helping him now? 6. In correcting your dictations I found very few mistakes. 7. What annoys me is his being careless. 8. In spite of being tired they decided to go on with their work. 9. She has the giftof being ableto work sixteen hours. 10. He didn't say a word for fear of interfering into their conversation. 11. In spite of myself I couldn't help smiling. 12. I don't feel like walking. 13. She had stopped asking about the time. 14. He was afraid of being poor.

V. Complete the sentences using the Gerund:

1. My sister was never tired of ... . 2. He left the room without ... . 3. He went to bed after ... . 4. Have you finished ...? 5. She is very fond of ... . 6. It is worth while ... . 7. I couldn't help ... . 8. At last we succeeded in ... .
9. Thank you for ... . 10. ... is useful. 11. Her hobby is ... . 12. I don't mind ... . 13. I have really no intention of ... . 14. They looked at each other without ... . 15. He went on reading a book instead of ... . 16. Do you feel like ... ?

VI. Insert prepositions where necessary:

1. I stopped, ... opening the door. 2. I kept her ... falling down. 3. This time he felt no surprise ... meeting his friend. 4. He tore the note into pieces ... reading it. 5. Outside it kept ... raining. 6. ... washing up she broke a cup. 7. He wasted a lot of time ... trying to find another way home. 8. What did she mean ... being busy? 9. I insist ... remaining here. 10. I thanked him again ... lending me the car. 11. She went up to her bedroom ... looking back. 12. I wonder what prevented him ... coming to the party. 13. There is no harm ... asking her again. 14. I'm getting hungry. I'm looking forward ... having dinner. 15. I've been thinking ... looking for a new job.

VII. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. It's no use arguing with her. 2. There is no sense in doing this work now. 3. Be careful in crossing the street. 4. He insists on doing the job himself. 5. He is against informing them of it now. 6. You have no reason for saying it. 7. The rain prevented me from calling on you yesterday. 8. We couldn't help laughing when we heard it. 9. He had a feeling of being watched. 10. He left without letting us know.

VIII. Translate into English:

1. Головне — потрапити туди вчасно. 2. Я не можу дозволити собі купити цю дорогу річ. 3. Я не можу не думати про це. 4. Я пам'я­таю, що зустрічав його десь. 5. Він звик вставати рано. 6. Ми не могли уникнути розмови з нею. 7. Вона вийшла з кімнати, не глянувши на нас. 8. Я не маю наміру обговорювати це питання. 9. Мені не подоба­ється, коли зі мною так розмовляють (in such a manner). 10. Терпіти не можу чекати. 11. Це варто читати? 12. У мене немає надії побачити його найближчим часом. 13. Ми наполягали на тім, щоб вони почали переговори. 14. Вона нічого не мала проти того, щоб зайти ще раз. 15. Він почав турбуватися. 16. Я не могла не всміхнутися. 17. Коли ви почнете обговорювати статтю?