II. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the place of

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 444.

The Participle. Forms and Functions

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

X. Replace the Ukrainian words and phrases by suitable English

equivalents in the correct form. Retell the passage:

(Макроекономіка) is the study of the functioning (економіки в цілому), and it deals mainly with the total output and income of the economy, (загальним рівнем занятості), and movements in the average level of all prices. The heart of macroeconomics consists of analyzing the determinants of (сукупної пропозиції) and (сукупного попиту).

In the short run, the main problem in macroeconomics is why (сукупний попит) sometimes exceeds (сукупну пропозицію), thereby bringing on (інфляцію), and why aggregate demand sometimes falls short of aggregate supply, thereby bringing on (безробіття) and deflation — or at least less inflation. Over the long run, macroeconomics is concerned primarily with (економічним зростанням) — increases in the productive capacity of the economy and in average (реальним доходом) per person.

I. Give all the participial forms of the following verbs:

to produce, to study, to increase, to receive, to make, to solve, to provide, to say, to use, to sell, to pay, to negotiate, to write, to give, to enter.

the Participle:

a) a writing student; the financing organization; the countries importing raw materials; the rising sun; disappointing news; activities relating to wealth; an exciting story; a developing country; the approaching train;

b) the purchased models; an unanswered question; the contract fulfilled by the firm long ago; the models required by customers at present; an accepted plan; a desired object; sold goods; the film shown yesterday; satisfied needs and wants; a tax levied on consumer purchases; a discussed problem.

III. Replace one of the predicates by Participle I:

Pattern:She looked at me and smiled. — She looked at me smiling.

1. The girls walked home and sang. 2. The man read a book and made notes from time to time. 3. The children ran about and shouted. 4. He turned over the pages of a book and looked at the pictures. 5. The children sat and watched television. 6. The girl spoke and trembled. 7. She walked around and said nothing.

IV. Replace the parts in bold type by Participle Phrases:

Pattern A:The man who is talking with the students is our lecturer.

The man talking with the students is our lecturer.

1. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us? 2. It always gives me pleasure to help the studentswho work hard. 3. A person who brings good news is always welcome. 4. The girl who is sitting next to me is Mary. 5. They passed a group of workers who were repairing the road. 6. The scientists who will take part in the conference must submit their abstracts. 7. He couldn't fall asleep because of the noise that was coming from the street. 8. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rainare getting wet. 9. The windows that face the garden were open. 10. She got on the train that was going to Paris.

Pattern B: While I was waiting for you, I read this magazine.

While waiting for you, I read this magazine.

1. When they accepted the invitation to participate in the exhibition, they wrote a reply. 2. When I heard the news, I phoned him. 3. When Nick studied at the University, he published several scientific articles. 4. When he arrived at the station, he didn't find anyone to meet him. 5. When I entered the lecture hall, I saw some students who were waiting for me.
6. When you exchange opinions with other people, you enrich your mind. 7. While he was skating yesterday, he fell and hurt himself. 8. While he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.

Pattern C:The car which is parked in front of the house is mine.

The car parked in front of the house is mine.

1. I took the newspaper which was lying on the table. 2. The decisions which were adopted at the conference are supported by many scientists.
3. He has bought a computer which was made in Lviv. 4. Service is a work which is performed for someone. 5. This firm manufactures heavy machinery which is used in construction. 6. A corporation is an institution which is established for the purpose of making profit. 7. They work at the plant which was built last year. 8. Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting?

Pattern D: As she said so she went out of the room.

Saying so she went out of the room.

1. As he was very clever, he realized his mistake at once. 2. As she was busy all the week, she couldn't answer the letters. 3. As he was late, he had to excuse himself. 4. As he was working for the local newspaper, he knew a lot about the town's problems. 5. As he was a great book-lover, he spent a lot of money on books. 6.As we were very tired, we refused to go for a walk. 7. As she entered the garden, she saw her father repairing the car. 8. As she had spent all her money, she decided to go home.

V. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. Translating the text, he wrote out new words. 2. Being unemployed, he hasn't got much money. 3. Having been shown the wrong direction, he lost his way. 4. If asked, he will explain you everything. 5. She was walking slowly stopping sometimes to have a short rest. 6. Having found a hotel, they looked for somewhere to have dinner. 7. Being busy, he had to refuse our invitation. 8. Jim hurt his arm playing tennis.

VI. Define the forms of the Participle:

1. The man speakingto the students is our dean. 2. Beingunable to help I went home. 3. The textile goods produced by the factory are in great demand. 4. Having lived in that town all his life, he knew it very well.
5. Having spentall the money he started looking for work.6. Having completed their tests, the students handed them in. 7. The price paid for the use of labour is called wages. 8. The article being typed now, will be published tomorrow. 9. The cars being produced at our plant now are very good.
10. There are two factors affecting the wage rate. 11. Most of the scientists invitedto the conference were leading specialists in various branches of economics. 12. Having been told to wait, she waited.

VII. Translate into English:

1. Будьте уважні, коли переходите вулицю. 2. Написавши твір, ми почали готувати інше завдання. 3. Після того як посилку запаку­вали, її віднесли на пошту. 4. Помітивши мене, вона зупинилася. 5. Вона швидко вийшла з кімнати, зачинивши за собою двері. 6. Вона йшла стежкою, що вела до річки. 7. Студенти, які не приділяють належної уваги граматиці, ніколи не оволодіють мовою. 8. Знаючи, що в нього досить часу, він не поспішав. 9. Добре одягнутий незнайомець відразу привернув нашу увагу. 10. Пояснивши все детально, він спокійно сів на своє місце. 11. Ми сиділи в саду, розмовляючи про нашу поїздку до Англії. 12. Зрозумівши свою помилку, він перестав сперечатися.

VIII. Define the functions of the Participle:

1. Studying economics the students got the better understanding of their future specialized subjects. 2. All the roads leading to the centre of the city were blocked by trucks. 3. Having finished our work we shall go for a walk. 4. They discussed the point when signing the contract. 5. Most of the goods produced in this factory are exported. 6. None of the people invited to the party could come. 7. There were a lot of foreign guests at the conference held in May. 8. We spent most of the time answering questions. 9. The sellers come to the market hoping for high prices. 10. Frightened by the dog, the child began to cry. 11. Marketing includes all the business activities connected with the movement of goods and services from producer to consumer.
12. Negotiating the conditions of purchase, we informed the sellers that we needed the goods urgently. 13. At the entrance you will be met by a man holding a folded newspaper. 14. We sat down on the ground covered with dry leaves. 15. The specialists trained at our University are highly qualified.

IX. Translate into English:

1. Я дивилась на дитину, що посміхалася. 2. Запаковані речі лежали на підлозі біля дверей. 3. Упізнавши мене, вона гукнула, щоб я зупинився і зачекав на неї. 4. Кінотеатр, який будується тут, буде одним із найбільших у нашому місті. Закінчивши лекцію, професор оглянув аудиторію, чекаючи на запитання. 6. Коли я ввійшов до кімнати, хлоп­чик збирав з підлоги скалки розбитої чашки. У нього був дуже наля­каний виглід. 7. Оскільки він сам був веселою людиною, він умів підбадьо­рити інших. 8. «Я б хотіла, щоб мене правильно зрозуміли», — сказала вона, посміхаючись. 9. Хлопчика, що продавав газети, уже не було видно.