ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 428.
UNIT FIVE
| The Basic Economic Problem Types of Economic Systems |
1. Allocation n. –the act of allocating something – ðîçì³ùåííÿ, ðîçïîä³ë. Allocation of labour –ðîçïîä³ë ðîáî÷î¿ ñèëè, resource(s) allocationðîçïîä³ë/ðîçì³ùåííÿ ðåñóðñ³â. Syn.distribution.
2. At one's disposal –available for someone to use - â ðîçïîðÿäæåíí³. Syn. available.
3. Benefitv. – to be advantageous or helpful to somebody or something; to do good to somebody or something – ïðèíîñèòè/îòðèìóâàòè/ìàòè êîðèñòü/âèãîäó,äîïîìàãàòè.To benefit a society –ïðèíîñèòè êîðèñòü ñóñï³ëüñòâó, a society benefits -ñóñï³ëüñòâî îòðèìóº êîðèñòü.
4. Combination n. – two ore more different things that exist together or are used or put together – êîìá³íàö³ÿ, ïîºäíàííÿ. Factor combination –ïîºäíàííÿ ôàêòîð³â, combination of operations – ïîºäíàííÿ îïåðàö³é. Syn. a blend.
5. Consumern. – anyone who uses goods and/or services – ñïîæèâà÷, ê볺íò. Consumer behaviour –ïîâåä³íêà ñïîæèâà÷à,consumer choice -âèá³ð ñïîæèâà÷à/ñïîæèâ÷èé âèá³ð,consumer goods/commodities –ñïîæèâ÷³ òîâàðè, final/ultimate consumer/customer –ê³íöåâèé ñïîæèâà÷. Syn. a customer.
6. Distribute v.– to share things among a group of people – ðîçïîä³ëÿòè, ðîçòàøîâóâàòè. Syn. to allocate.
7. Distributionn. – the act of distributing something – ðîçïîä³ë. Distribution of wealth –ðîçïîä³ë (íàö³îíàëüíîãî) äîõîäó/ áàãàòñòâà, income distribution –ðîçïîä³ë äîõîäó.
9. Encourage v. - to give support, confirmation, or approval to process or action and to rouse a person to greater effort or interest - çàîõî÷óâàòè, ï³äòðèìóâàòè, ñïðèÿòè, ñïîíóêàòè, ñòèìóëþâàòè, íàäèõàòè. Syn. to favour, to stimulate.
11. Incentiven. – something that serves as a stimulus to action by appealing to self-interest – ñïîíóêàëüíèé ìîòèâ, ñòèìóë, çàîõî÷åííÿ. Incentive to use one's property –ñòèìóë âèêîðèñòîâóâàòè ÷èþñü âëàñí³ñòü. Syn.an encouragement, a motive.
12. Institution n. – a large organization that has a particular kind of work or purpose – óñòàíîâà, îðãàí³çàö³ÿ. Government institution - óðÿäîâà îðãàí³çàö³ÿ. Syn. an organization.
13. Lackn. – a state of not having something or enough of something - áðàê, íåñòà÷à, â³äñóòí³ñòü.Lack of competition –â³äñóòí³ñòü êîíêóðåíö³¿. Syn.shortage.
14. Ownershipn. - a right to hold a thing entirely as one's own – ïðàâî âëàñíîñò³, âëàñí³ñòü. Ownership of the means of production –âëàñí³ñòü íà çàñîáè âèðîáíèöòâà,private ownership –ïðèâàòíà âëàñí³ñòü, public/state ownership – óñóñï³ëüíåíà/äåðæàâíà âëàñí³ñòü.
15. Perform v.– to do something difficult or useful – âèêîíóâàòè, çä³éñíþâàòè, ðîáèòè. To perform an obligation –âèêîíóâàòè çîáîâ'ÿçàííÿ, to perform a task – âèêîíóâàòè çàâäàííÿ, to perform a work – âèêîíóâàòè ðîáîòó.
16. Property n. – something that is owned or possessed – âëàñí³ñòü, ìàéíî. Individual/personal property - îñîáèñòà âëàñí³ñòü, private property - ïðèâàòíà âëàñí³ñòü, public property - äåðæàâíà/ãðîìàäñüêà âëàñí³ñòü. Syn. possessions.
17. Willingadj. – ready to do something without hesitation – ãîòîâèé. To be willing to do something –áóòè ãîòîâèì, ðîáèòè ùîñü îõî÷å. Syn. ready.
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