Part 1. Running Water
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 335.
Unit 5. Rivers
Study the list of vocabulary and pronounce the words after the teacher:
Vocabulary:
confine [kən'fain] v. – îãðàíè÷èâàòü
average rate [æ'v(ə)ridჳ reit] – ñðåäíèé óðîâåíü
inch [int∫] – äþéì (2,5 ñì)
crust [krëst] – çåìíàÿ êîðà
impact [im'pækt] – âîçäåéñòâèå, âëèÿíèå
debris ['deibri:] – îñêîëêè, îáëîìêè
involve [in'vɔlv] v. – âòÿãèâàòü, âîâëåêàòü
downpour ['daunpɔ:] – ëèâåíü
raindrop ['reindrɔp] – äîæäåâàÿ êàïëÿ
sparse vegetation [spa:s ‚vedჳi'tei∫(ə)n] – ðåäêàÿ ðàñòèòåëüíîñòü
unconsolidated sediment [‚ënkən'sɔlideitid 'sedimənt] – íåçàòâåðäåâøàÿ/ ðûõëàÿ îñàäî÷íàÿ ïîðîäà
continuous sheet [kən'tinjuəs] – îáøèðíàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü
rivulet ['rivjulit] – ðó÷å¸ê, ðå÷óøêà
surface irregularity ['sə:fis i‚regju'læriti] – íåïðàâèëüíîñòü ïîâåðõíîñòè
relief [ri'li:f] – ðåëüåô
suspension [səs'pen∫(ə)n] – ñìåñü ñî âçâåøåííûìè ÷àñòèöàìè, ïîäâåøåííîå ñîñòîÿíèå, ïðèîñòàíîâêà, ïàóçà
rolling ['rəuliŋ] – èçãèá, âèòîê
bounce [bauns] v. – ïîäïðûãèâàòü, ïîäñêàêèâàòü
bottom ['bɔtəm] – äíî
solution [sə'lu:∫(ə)n] – ðàñòâîð
velocity [vi'lɔsiti] – ñêîðîñòü, áûñòðîòà
enormously [i'nɔ:məsli] – âåñüìà, î÷åíü, ÷ðåçâû÷àéíî
flood [flëd] – íàâîäíåíèå, ïîòîï, ïîëîâîäüå, ïîéìà
evaporation [i‚væpə'rei∫(ə)n] – èñïàðåíèå
condensation [‚kɔnden'sei∫(ə)n] – ñãóùåíèå, óìåíüøåíèå îáú¸ìà, ñæèæåíèå, êîíäåíñàöèÿ
precipitation – îñàäêè
evaporate [i'væpəreit] v. – èñïàðÿòü(ñÿ)
absorb [tə əb'sɔ:b] v. – âñàñûâàòü, âïèòûâàòü, ïîãëîùàòü
subsequently ['sëbsikwəntli] – âïîñëåäñòâèè, ïîçäíåå, ïîçæå, ïîñëå, ïîòîì
transpire [træns'paiə] v. – èñïàðÿòüñÿ, ïðîñà÷èâàòüñÿ, îáíàðóæèâàòüñÿ
soak [səuk] v. – âïèòûâàòü(ñÿ), ïðîñà÷èâàòüñÿ
path [pa:θ] – òðîïèíêà, ïóòü
slope [sləup] – ñêëîí
downhill ['daun'hil] – ïîêàòîñòü, îòêîñ, ñêëîí
influence ['influəns] – âëèÿíèå
turbulent ['tə:bjulənt] – áóðíûé, áóøóþùèé, òóðáóëåíòíûé
swirl [swə:l] – âîäîâîðîò, âîðîíêà
eddy ['edi] – ìàëåíüêèé âîäîâîðîò, âîðîíêà, âèõðü
whirl [wə:l] v. – âðàùàòüñÿ
concave ['kɔnkeiv] – âîãíóòàÿ ïîâåðõíîñòü
gradient ['greidiənt] – ãðàäèåíò, íàêëîí, ñêàò
dendritic(al) [den'dritik(əl)] – äðåâîâèäíûé, âåòâÿùèéñÿ, ðàçâåòâë¸ííûé
drainage ['dreinidჳ] – äðåíàæ, ñòîê
pattern ['pætən] – îáðàçåö, ìîäåëü
resistance [ri'zist(ə)ns] – ñîïðîòèâëåíèå, îòïîð
modify ['mɔdifai] v. – âèäîèçìåíÿòü, òðàíñôîðìèðîâàòü
downcutting ['daunkëtiŋ] – âðåçàíèå
carve [ka:v] v. – ðåçàòü
uniform ['ju:nifɔ:m] – îäèíàêîâûé
Exercise 1. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right:
A. Nouns:
- rivulet a. speed of movement in a given direction
- relief b. whirling motion
- suspension c. liquid with something dissolved in it
- velocity d. projection of a carved design from the surface
- evaporation e. strong effect or influence on something
- path f. a small stream
- swirl g. changing into vapour; removing liquid from a substance
- solution h. surfaced walk or track
- bottom i. mixture of fine particles of a solid in a fluid
- impact j. lowest or deepest part of something
B. Verbs:
1. to bounce a. to make somebody or something to take part in a process
2. to confine b. to give off water vapour through pores
3. to modify c. to soak up a liquid
4. to transpire d. to jump or spring from an impact
5. to absorb e. to change slightly
6. to involve f. to limit bounds; to restrict the free movement
C. Adjectives:
1. average a. instable about atmosphere; causing gusty air currents
2. turbulent b. thinly distributed or scattered
3. continuous c. typical or normal amount or quantity; usual
4. unconsolidated d. uninterrupted
5. sparse e. having the look of spread branches
6. dendritic f. being soft
Exercise 2. In the list of vocabulary above find the words with the following meanings:
1. hard outer part of the earth; 2. inclined surface or downhill; 3. opposite force that prevent free movement; 4. overflow of water over a normally dry area; 5. a bended line; 6. plant life of a given place
Exercise 3. Read and translate the following expressions:
the most powerful agent of erosion, running water, carrying away rock fragments with it, at an average rate of about one inch in 750 years, by the impact of rock debris, single shower, in areas with sparse vegetation, the carrying power of a stream, subsequently transpired to the atmosphere, distribution of rainfall
Exercise 4. Read the following texts and decide true or false are the statements below:
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