A) duplication
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 588.
E) 50
38. Method of inheritance of traits by the Mendel?
A) hybridology
B) geneanalogue
C) mathematics
D) statistics
E) biochemistry
39. Method investigated the biochemical change in cell?
A) biochemistry
B) geneanalogue
C) mathematical
D) statistic
E) hybridology
40. Method investigated the statistic change inside population?
A) statistic
B) geneanalogue
C) mathematical
D) biochemistry
E) hybridology
41. Meiosis results?
A) gamete
B) zygote
C) embryo
D) fetus
E) autosome
42. What trait is inherited by the principle of multiply allelism?
A) blood's group
B) skin's color
C) eye color
D) polydactily
E) freckles
43. What trait is inherited by the type of cumulative-polymeric gene interaction?
A) skin's color
B) blood's group
C) hemophylia
D) polydactily
E) freckles
44. In what year the Mendel's laws again discovered?
A) 1900
B) 1865
C) 1953
D) 2001
E) 1948
45. In what year the model DNA was created?
A) 1953
B) 1900
C) 1865
D) 2001
E) 1948
46. In what year the human genome was discovered?
A) 2002
B) 1900
C) 1865
D) 2001
E) 1948
47. The symbolism of hybrids of the first offspring?
A) F1
B) D
C) Ã
D) W
E) J
48. What object was used for discovery of criss-cross inheritance?
A) drosofilla
B) mouse
C) dog
D) pea
E) human
49. Who from scientists did discovery the law of species variation homologusity?
A) Vavilov
B) Mandel
C) Morgan
D) Stertevant
E) Aitkhozhin
50. The systems of mutation formation
À. Mutagenesis
Â. Partegenogenesis
Ñ. Conjugation
Ä. Invertion
Å. Immune system
51. Incherited changes which change the genetic materials
À. Mutation
Â. Ìutagenesis
Ñ. Ìitosis
Ä. Polygenes
Å. Gametes
52. Cross of close related îñîáåé
À. Inbreeding
Â. Clone
Ñ. Genome
Ä. Geteosis
Å. Deletion
53. Damage of chromosome structure because of mutation influence
À. Àbberation
Â. Êaryotype
Ñ. Ìozaiks
Ä. Ìåiosis
Å. Lysogeny
54. Cross of genetic not related îñîáåé
À. Àóutbreeding
Â. Àpomixes
Ñ. Gemostaz
Ä. Ìutation
Å. Inbreeding
55. Sex cell
à) gamete
á) adoptar
â) zygote
ã) immunity
ä) mutagene
56. Human gene was discovered…
A) in 2002
B) in 1900
C) in 1865
D) in 2001
E) in 1948
57. The DNA model was created in…
A) 1953 year
B) 1900 year
C) 1865 year
D) 2001 year
E) 1948 year
58. Symbolism for the hybride of the first offspring?
A) F1
B) D
C) Ã
D) W
E) J
59. What object was used at discovery of the phenomenon of «criss-cross» inheritance?
A) a drosofilla
B) a mouse
C) a dog
D) a pea
E) human
60. Ìethod, investigated the biochemical change in cell?
A) biochemical
B) genealogy
C) mathematic
D) statistic
E) hybridology
61. What genetic object of research have karyotype with 4 chromosome?
A) a drosofilla
B) a mouse
C) a dog
D) a pea
E) a human
62. Famous scientist – genetic, created culture bank of valuable agriculture?
A) Vavilov
B) Ìåndel
C) Ìîrgan
D) Stertevant
E) Aitkhozhin
63. Scientist, discovered line dislocation of genes in chromosome?
A) Stertevant
B) Ìåndel
C) Ìîrgan
D) Vavilov
E) Aitkhozhin
64. Kazakhstan scientist that made contribution in molecular biology development?
A) Aitkhozhin
B) Ìåndel
C) Ìîrgan
D) Vavilov
E) Stertevant
65. Karyotype of which organism have 46 chromosome?
A) Human
B) Mouse
C) Dog
D) Pea
E) Drosofilla
66. Karyotype of which organism have 4 chromosome?
A) Drosofilla
B) Mouse
C) Dog
D) Pea
E) Human
67. Genotype of haploide organism?
A) n
B) 2 n
C) 3 n
D) 4 n
E) 5 n
68. Genotype of diploide organism?
A) 2 n
B) n
C) 3 n
D) 4 n
E) 5 n
69. Genotype of triploide organism?
A) 3n
B) n
C) 2 n
D) 4 n
E) 5 n
70. Tetraploide?
A) 4n
B) n
C) 2 n
D) 3 n
E) 5 n
71. Pentaploide?
A) 5n
B) n
C) 2 n
D) 3 n
E) 6 n
72. What the name of phenomenon of crossingover repression in the nearly was situating regions?
A) Interference
B) Reverse
C) Difraction
D) Defishensi
E) Duplication
73. What the basic process lie in the basis of the genetic material change by natural way?
A) Conjugation
B) Interference
C) Difraction
D) Reverse
E) Defishensi
74. The basic difference between meiosis and mitosis?
A) Conjugation
B) Interference
C) Difraction
D) Reverse
E) Defishensi
75. Process of lot change of homologues chromosomes?
A) Conjugation
B) Interference
C) Difraction
D) Reverse
E) Defishensi
76. In what process the crossed organisms is formed?
A) Conjugation
B) Interference
C) Difraction
D) Reverse
E) Defishensi
77. Name the human traits, inherited ñöåïëåííî ñ ïîëîì?
A) hemofilium
B) resus factor
C) blood group
D) blood color
E) hair color
78. What gene is located in Ó-chromosome?
A) is absent
B) hemofilium
C) skin color
D) daltonism
E) blood group
79. How many sex chromosomes in the human karyotype?
A) 2
B) 1
C) 3
D) 23
E) 46
80. What is the chemical mutagene?
A) antibiotics
B) temperature
C) light
D) radiation
E) pressure
81. What is the nucleotid?
A) nitrogen base
B) protein
C) carbohydrate
D) phosphoric acid residue
E) nitrogen base + carbohydrate + phosphoric acid residue
82. What the hereditary disease Êàêîå íàñëåäñòâåííîå çàáîëåâàíèå ïåðåäàåòñÿ ñöåïëåíèåì ïîëà?
A) hemofilium
B) polydactily
C) shizofreny
D) anemy
E) daltonism
83. What group in human karyotypeÑêîëüêî ãðóïï ñöåïëåíèÿ â êàðèîòèïå ÷åëîâåêà?
A) 46
B) 23
C) 8
D) 44
E) 92
84. How many nucleotides enter in codon composition?
A) 3
B) 2
C) 1
D) 4
E) 5
85. What nitrogen bases in DNA complemente to each other?
A) À-Ò
B) Ã-Ò
C) À-Ã
D) À-À
E) Ö-Ò
86. What method is used at the hereditary diseases?
A) biochemical
B) cytology
C) population
D) statistic
E) geneanalogue
87. What factors are refered to the biological mutagenes?
A) viruses
B) helmintes
C) protista
D) algae
E) fungi
88. How many sex chromosomes there are in human karyotype?
A) 2
B) 1
C) 3
D) 23
E) 46
89. Who from scientists discovered the conservative replication mechanism?
A) Mezelson and Stal
B) Nirenberg
C) Okauski
D) Lefonzon
E) Temin and Baltimor
90. The structure of mitochondrium?
A) consist from crystalls
B) without membranes
C) from single membrane
D) consist of two membranes
E) there are external membrane
91. What is cell?
A) elementary unit of living objects
B) consist of cytoplasm and organoids
C) function and external traits, collection of cells
D) consist of cytoplasm and cell juce
E) collection of organoids in karyoplasms
92. The basic factor of modification variation?
A) factors of external environment
B) genotype factors
C) evolution development of species
D) phenotype factors
E) genotype factors of external environment
93. What is a population?
A) Specimen located in the certain areal and refered to the one species
B) Species refered to the one genus
C) certain part of one genus
D) certain part of one class
E) certain part of one type
94. The first division of meiosis – reduction begin from …
A) prophase 1
B) methaphase
C) anaphase
D) prophase 2
E) telophase
95. Meiosis is complex division occurs in :
A) higher organisms
B) lower plants
C) algae
D) fungi
E) viruses
96. Meiosis – particular division of cell:
A) sex
B) somatic
C) livered
D) bud
E) autosome cells
97. Decreasing of chromosome quantity in twice instead diploide set is formed the haploide set.
A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis
C) vegetative
D) partogenetic
E) duplication
98. Formation of female cells is called:
A) Ontogenesis
B) Spermatogenesis
C) Blastransformation
D) Proliferation
E) Differenciation
99. How many egg-cells with haploide set of chromosomes are formed at the oogenesis from primary oocyte
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 8
100. Formation of male sex cells is called:
A) Spermatogenesis
B) Ontogenesis
C) Transformation
D) Duplication
E) Proliferation
101. What paint are used for count of cell quantity in Goryaev camera?
A) Methylen blue
B) Methylen green
C) Eozine
D) Gematoksakhat
E) Methyl orange
101. What is the crossingover?
A) change of homologue chrs at mitosis
B) change of bivalents at mitosis
C) division of homologue chromosomes on the ïî ïîëþñàì at the meiosis
D) formation of methaphase plates at mitosis
E) formation of nuclear melet at mitosis
102. Genetic code -
A) consist of triplets
B) consist of chromosome
C) consist of external traits
D) consist of internal traits
E) consist of allele
103. What changes occur at the polyploidy in the genetic material?
A) chromosomes quantity are increased
B) chromosomes quantity are decreased
C) gene composition are changed
D) the separate chromosomes quantity are changed
E) acrossing of homologue chromosomes
104. Lethal genes –
A) lead to development of various defectivities and death
B) useful for organism
C) not act on the organism development
D) new genes in genotype
E) absent genes
105. Change of homologue chromosomes by lots is called:
A) crossingover
B) chiasma
C) translation
D) transcription
E) conjugation
106. Karyosomes of female specimens are called :
A) Barra bodies
B) gene
C) bivalent
D) diplonema
E) synapsis
107. The male specimens, human and other animals, drosofilla, that have sex chromosomes ÕÓ, not have
A) Barra bodies
B) gene
C) synapsis
D) diplonema
E) DNA
108. The traits of one of parents, that not appearance in the first offspring?
A) recessive
B) dominant
C) average
D) not fully dominant
E) homozgote
109. Appearance of one of parents traits at crossing is called:
A) dominant
B) recessive
C) coupled with sex
D) heterozygote
E) homozygote
110. What is called the crossing of the first hybride offspring with recessive initial form?
A) analysis
B) reflexive
C) dihybride
D) monohybride
E) polyhybride
111. Segregation on the phenotype on the each traits as 3:1 are referred to the…?
A) second law of Mendel
B) first law of Mendel
C) third law of Mendel
D) Morgan law
E) Vavilov law
112.Possibility of definition of specimen genotype in the cases of inheritance with full dominanting?
A) it is impossible
B) it is possible
C) it is necessary the crossing
D) F1 õ F1 cross
E) by crossing with dominanted specimen
113. If one gene is in the third and more allele conditions- this is…
A) multiply allelomorphism
B) compounds
C) homozygotes
D) heterozygotes
E) dominants
114. Genes, influencing on the traits development, localizated in the various pairs of homologue chromosomes, are called?
A) not allele
B) allele
C) homologue
D) heterozgoted
E) homozygoted
115. Genes that lead to death?
A) lethal
B) sublethal
C) dominant
D) recessive
E) heterozygote
116. In what prophase stage the crossingover process occurs?
A) pahitena
B) zygotena
C) leptotena
D) diplotena
E) diakinesis
117. In what phase of meiosis the chromatids move to the opposite ends of the cell?
A) anaphase
B) methaphase
C) prophase
D) telophase
E) interphase
118. For investigation of the DNA synthesis the cells are marked:
A) by Í3 –thymidine
B) by Í3 -uridine
C) by Í3 –uracile
D) by Ñð51
E) by Ñ14
119. For estimation of RNA synthesis the cells are marked:
A) by Í3 -uridine
B) by Í3 –thymidine
C) by Ñð51
D) by Ñ14
E) by Ð32
120. Meiosis have the biological meaning because of…?
A) it is a bases of the mechanism of gametes formation
B) it provide preservation of the initial chromosome set
C) it provide genetic heterogeneous of dauther cells
D) it provide reduction of chromosome set
E) it is a reason of new growth
121. Prophase of the first division of meiosis differ from prophase of mitosis …
A) in crossingover
B) the spiralization of chromosomes
C) chromosome doubling
D) rapprochement of homologue chromosomes
E) dissolution of nuclear membrane
122. In what prophase stage the crossingover process occur?
A) pachitena
B) zygotena
C) leptotena
D) diplotena
E) diakinesis
123. How many daltonism allele genes contain in the diploide set of men?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
124. Why daltonism among women make up 0,5%, among men - 7%?
A) Ó-chromosome is genetic inert
B) nutrition character
C) physiology peculiarity
D) mode of life
E) character of work connected with loading of visual nerve
125. Genotype of heterogamete sex?
A) ÕÓ
B) ÀàÂâ
C) ÕÕ
D) Àà
E) ÀÀÂÂ
126. Who from scientists discover the phenomenon of coupling?
A) Ìîrgan
B) Ìåndel
C) De Fris
D) Dekandal
E) Îchoa
127. Biological mutagene factors?
A) viruses
B) protista
C) helmints
D) algae
E) mushrooms
128. What enzyme participate in the transcription process?
A) RNA-polymerase
B) DNA-polymerase
C) endonuclease
D) isomerase
E) ligase
129. Who from scientists discover the presence of intermediate fragments-praimers at the DNA replication?
A) Okazaki
B) Ochoa and Nirenberg
C) Mezelson and Stal
D) Gershenzon
E) Temin and Baltimor
130. Triplet UGA code the…?
A) “stop”
B) alanin
C) glycine
D) leicine
E) proline
131. Characterize the nature linkage between carbohydrate and nitrogen base?
A) N-glycozide
B) covalent
C) hydrogen
D) peptide
E) diether
132. What is the population?
A) Totality of specimens of one kind of one region
B) Subunit of genus
C) Totality of genuses
D) Subunit of class
E) Subunit of type
133. What amino acid cipher as «phen»?
A) Phenylalanine
B) Alanine
Ñ) Tirosine
D) Treonine
E) Glycine
134. What amino acid chipher as «ala»?
A) Alanine
B) Treonine
C) Tirosine
D) Phenylalanine
E) Glycine
135. What amino acid chipher «tre»?
A) Treonine
B) Alanine
C) Tirosine
D) Phenylalanine
E) Glycine
136. What is characterized the autosome-dominanted type of inheritance?
A) traits display equally at the female and male organisms in all generatios
B) traits display only at persons of one sex
C) traits display at the overwhelming majority of family's members
D) traits display at individual family's members
E) traits display once in the several generations
137. What amino acid chipher as «gly»?
A) Glycine
B) Alanine
C) Tirosine
D) Phenylalanine
E) Treonine
138. Chromosomes set at monosomy?
A) 2ï+1
B) 2ï-1
C) 2ï-2
D) 2ï+2
E) 2ï+3
139. What blood group the child can have, if mother have II, father – III blood group
A) all 4 groups
B) only II
C) only III
D) only IÓ
E) only I
140. In the DNA molecule 18% be to the cytidile nucleotides part. What percentage content of guanine nucleotides?
A) 18%
B) 32%
C) 64%
D) 36%
E) 78%
141. One part of DNA chains have nucleotide sequence ÀÒÒGCÒÀÀG. What sequences at the nucleotides in the second chain?
A) ÒÀÀCGÀÒÒC
B) GGCÒÒÀCCG
C) UÀÀGCÀUG
D) GUÀCGÀÀU
E) ÒÒÒCGCGGÀ
142. At cross of 2 plants of pea of the Ustyanskiy sort with red flowers 14 plants with red and 5 with white flowers have been obtained. What genotypes the parents plants had?
A) Àà
B) Àà
C) ÀÀ
D) ÀàÂâ
E) ÀÀÂâ
143. Light-haired father and dark-haired mother have 9 childrens with dark hairs What genotypes the parents have?
A) ÀÀ è àà
B) Àà è Àà
C) Àà è àà
D) Àà è ÀÀ
E) àà è àà
144. At crossing of black sheep and ram white and black lambs have been obtained. Define the genotype of parents?
A) Àà è Àà
B) Àà è àà
C) ÀÀ è àà
D) Àà è ÀÀ
E) ÀÀ è ÀÀ
145. What genotypes have parents with normal pigmentation if their child was born as albinos?
A) Àà è Àà
B) Àà è àà
C) ÀÀ è àà
D) Àà è ÀÀ
E) ÀÀ è ÀÀ
146. Genotype of Ist blood group?
A) I010
B) 1À10
C) 1Â10
D) 1À1Â
E) 1À1À
147. At crossing of 2 homozygote plants of pea with smooth and wrinkled seeds in the F1 8 plants have been obtained. The in the F 2 824 grains have been obtained. How many plants of the first generation will be heterozygote?
A) 8
B) 206
C) 412
D) 3
E) 4
148. How many amino acids are presented in the genetic code table?
A) 20
B) 11
C) 9
D) 2
E) 75
149. How many triplets in codone?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 2
D) 30
E) 23
150. Female sex cell?
A) egg-cell
B) spore
C) sperm
D) gamete
E) zygote
151. Homozygote genotype?
A) ÀÀÂÂÑÑ
B) ÀÀÂâ
C) ÀàÂÂ
D) ÀàÂâ
E) ÀàÂâÑñ
152. For what amino acid the nucleotides sequences in RNA was dechiphered in the first of all?
A) Phenylalanine
B) Cysteine
C) Proline
D) Methionine
E) Serine
153. What is formed as a results of reduplication from DNA molecule: AGTTCGGA?
A) TCAAGCCT
B) GGAACGGT
C) ÕÕÕÕÕÕÕ
D) ÑACCGGT
E) ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
154. What amino acid during translation process are written as "tir"?
A) Tirosine
B) Isoleucine
C) Threonine
D) Triptophane
E) Leucine
155. Author of chromosome inheritance theory of traits?
A) Morgan
B) Sakharov
C) Ru
D) Serebrovskiy
E) Gertvik
156. What changes occur as a result of inversion, if the locus of chromosome such as KLMNOPRST?
A) ÒSRPONMLK
B) KLMPRST
C) KLMMNOOPRST
D) KLMNOPRST
E) KKLLOOPPRRSSTT
157. How many sex chromosomes in human karyotype?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 3
D) 5
E) 6
158. Female sex chromosomes?
A) ÕÕ
B) ààââ
C) àààà
D) ÀÀ
E) ÀÀÂÂÑÑ
159. Male sex cell?
A) sperm
B) Spore
C) Egg-cell
D) Gamete
E) Zygote
160. If the codone of I-RNA will be CCC, so what the anticodone of T-RNA?
A) GGG
B) GGC
C) AAU
D) UUU
E) CCG
161. The sequences of the first chain of DNA molecule is ÒÀÒÀÒÀÒÀÒÀ, so what the sequence of the second chain of DNA?
A) ÀÒÀÒÀÒÀÒÀÒ
B) GCGCGCGCGC
C) TGATGATGATGA
D) TAGTCAGTC
E) ÀÒÀÒÀÒ
162. The scientist which for the first time obtained by the artificial way the hybride rafanobrassics?
A) Karpechenko
B) Dubinin
C) Stertevant
D) Mendel
E) Galton
163. What the bases in I-RNA is designed as "C"?
A) Cytosine
B) Guanine
C) Ksantine
D) Uracil
E) Adenine
164. Polyploide genotype?
A) ÀÀÀÀ
B) ÀBÑD
C) ÕÓ
D) ÀàBbÑñ
E) ÀÀBBÑÑ
165. If the sum G+C make up 20% from of all sum of nucleotides in DNA molecule, what percentage the À+Ò make up?
A) 80
B) 51
C) 18
D) 10
E) 13
166. What the mutation occur with chromosome ABCGDZ, that lead to ABCGD?
A) Deletion
B) Conjugation
C) Inversion
D) Transformation
E) Duplication
167. If the sum of G+C make up 100% from all sum of nucleotides in the DNA molecule, so what percentages the À+Ò make up?
A) 0
B) 18
C) 51
D) 10
E) 13
168. If the sum of G+C make up 45% from all sum of nucleotides in the DNA molecule, so what percentages the À+Ò make up?
A) 55
B) 18
C) 10
D) 13
E) 51
169. If the sum of G+C make up 41% from all sum of nucleotides in the DNA molecule, so what percentages the À+Ò make up?
A) 59
B) 18
C) 10
D) 13
E) 51
170. How many alternative traits pairs the crossing specimens have at the monohybride crossing?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) Ï
171. What function the glycocalics of external cell membrane carry out?
A) Preotection
B) Fagocytos
C) sensitive conducting
D) Pinocytose
E) Photosynthetic
172. The hystone proteins divided into?
A) 5 classes
B) 1 classes
C) 3 classes
D) 4 classes
E) 6 classes
173. How many ribosomes in the animal cell?
A) 105
B) 104
C) 102
D) 103
E) 10
173. Suppression of crossing over in the nearest lying regions?
A) Interference
B) Reverse
C) Difraction
D) Defishensi
E) Duplication
174. Process of inverse gene mutation?
A) reverse
B) interference
C) difraction
D) duplication
E) defishensi
175. How the mutation process called, if the occur chromosome locus fallout?
A) defishensi
B) interference
C) difraction
D) duplication
E) reverse
176. Mutation process with lacks of chromosome lot?
A) defishensi
B) interference
C) difraction
D) duplication
E) reverse
177. Name the mutation process: instead of ATTGCTAA the ATAA forms?
A) defishensi
B) interference
C) difraction
D) duplication
E) reverse
178. If the DNA lot is duplicated or multiplied, this mutation process is called…?
B) interference
C) diffraction
D) defishensi
E) reverse
179. The new variants of chromosomes are formed as a results of change of homologue lots?
A) crossing over
B) interference
C) diffraction
D) reverse
E) defishensi
180. Difference between meiosis and mitosis?
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