Which minerals have the same translation in both languages and which do not?
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 381.
SCANNING: Earth's building blocks (R.P – 4.2)
3.1.1 Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following minerals:
| hematite | magnetite |
| dolomite | halide |
| mica | fluorite |
| feldspar | halite |
| carbonate | hydroxide |
| quartz | limonite |
| asbestos | brucite |
| calcite | sulfate |
| aragonite | gypsum |
| galena | phosphates |
| silicate | apatite |
| oxide | monazite |
| sulfide | tungstate |
| pyrite | wolframite |
3.1.2 Find the information you need to complete the following diagram from the text below.
ROCK-FORMING MINERALS
| mineral |
| abundance |
| composition |
| examples |
Rocks are mixtures of minerals. Most rocks consist of interlocking grains or crystals stuck together by natural cement. A few dozen minerals provide the main ingredients for the most common rocks. Here are brief details of some rock-forming minerals.
1. Silicates are the chief rock-forming minerals. Most features a metal combined with silicon and oxygen. Examples: asbestos, mica, and feldspar.
2. Carbonates, the second most abundant group of minerals, include carbon, oxygen and one or more metals. Examples: calcite, dolomite and aragonite.
3. Sulfides are compounds of sulfur and one or more metals. Examples: galena and pyrite.
4. Oxides are compounds of oxygen and one or more metals. Examples: quartz, hematite and magnetite.
5. Halides are compounds of a halogen and a metal. Examples: fluorite and halite (rock salt).
6. Hydroxides are compounds of hydrogen, oxygen and usually a metal. Examples: limonite and brucite.
7. Sulfates are compounds of sulfur, oxygen and a metal. The commonest sulfate is gypsum.
8. Phosphates are chemical compounds related to phosphoric acid. Examples: apatite, monazite.
9. Tungstates are salts of tungstic acid. Example: wolframite (a tungsten ore).
(Lambert “The Field Guide to Geology” 1988, Cambridge University Press)
| CHEMICAL class | MINERAL NAME | CHEMICAL FORMULA | |
| NATIVE ELEMENTS | Native copper | Cu | |
| Gold | Au | ||
| Sulfur | S | ||
| Graphite | C | ||
| Diamond | C | ||
| OXIDES and HYDROXIDES | Quartz | SiO2 | |
| Hematite | Fe2O3 | ||
| Magnetite | Fe3O4 | ||
| Corundum | A12O3 | ||
| SULFIDES | Pyrite | FeS2 | |
| Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 | ||
| Galena | PbS | ||
| SULFATES | Gypsum | CaSO4 2H2O | |
| Anhydrite | CaSO4 | ||
| CARBONATES | Calcite | CaCO3 | |
| Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 | ||
| PHOSPHATES | Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(F, Cl, OH) | |
| HALIDES | Halite | NaCl | |
| Fluorite | CaF2 | ||
| SILICATES | OLIVINE GROUP | Olivine | (Mg, Fe)2[SiO]4 |
| AMPHIBOLE GROUP | Hornblende | Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Al silicate | |
| PYROXENE GROUP | Augite | Ca, Mg, Fe, Al silicate | |
| MICA GROUP | Muscovite | K, Al silicate | |
| Biotite | K, Mg, Fe, Al silicate | ||
| Chlorite | Mg, Fe, Al silicate | ||
| Talc | Mg silicate | ||
| Kaolinite | Al silicate | ||
| FELDSPAR GROUP | Orthoclase (K-feldspar) | K[AlSi3O8] | |
| Plagioclase (Ab, An) | Mixture of Ab and An | ||
| Albite (Ab) | Na[AlSi3O8] | ||
| Anorthite (An) | Ca[Al2Si2O8] |
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| Revision: Match the processes involved in the rock cycle with the definition and try to place them in the diagram. (R.P – 4.5, 4.6) | | | Main Elements in the Continental Crust |