Functions of verbs
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 884.
a) a notional verb simple pr.
b) an auxiliary / emphatic / substitute verb simple pr.
c) part of a phraseological unit simple pr.
d) a link-verb compound nominal pr.
e) a modal verb compound verbal pr.
Exercise 3.2. Comment on the function of the highlighted verb:
1. 1. He blushed violently and looked away.
2. 2. He looked stupid and good-natured and happy.
3. 3. The moment was soothing to his sore spirit.
4. 4. Nobody was soothing the crying baby.
5. 5. I went to the bathroom and had a good wash.
6. 6. She would've noticed that.
7. 7. She said she'd never do it again.
8. 8. I wish you would come to see us tonight.
9. 9. Though he begged many times, his aunt wouldn't give him the photograph.
10. 10. He would lie on the couch and watch me doing things by the hour.
11. 11. At moments he felt very close to her.
12. 12. He felt great awe and admiration.
13. 13. Philip stiffened in his chair, his face went tense.
14. 14. On a misty January morning he went there once more.
15. 15. As the director was ill, the documents were signed by his assistant.
16. 16. When I came, the papers were signed and lay on the secretary's desk.
17. 17. He was lying flat on his back looking up into the eternal blue of the sky.
18. 18. He was lying on the floor thinking about tomorrow's meeting.
Link-verbs are used with ADJECTIVES (compound nominal pr.)
Notional verbs are used with ADVERBS (simple pr.)
Use the following transformation to check:
He sat (silent, silently ?). à sat - can be used as link verb, so both are possible
if the idea is “He was silent”, then “He sat silent.” - sat = was
if the idea is “He performed the action in silence”, then “He did it silently.”
In this sentence sat = was, thus à He sat silent.
Exercise 3.3. Adjective or adverb.
1. She could turn her head (slow, slowly). 2. The air smelled (sweet, sweetly), larks sang. 3. Alex's eyes flashed (angry, angrily). 4. The dust lay (thick, thickly) on the country road. 5. He went (cold, coldly). 6. The clouds hung (heavy, heavily). 7. He came home (furious, furiously). 8. Nicola looked (quick, quickly) at Lawrie, but she looked (indifferent, indifferently). 9. The morning dawned (clear, clearly) and (bright, brightly). 10. He felt (hot, hotly) when Lewis appeared (quiet, quietly) behind his back, though so far it appeared (normal, normally). 11. She awakened (hungry, hungrily) and her morning conversation did not go very (easy, easily). 12. Don't look (sad, sadly), my little girl. It renders me (unhappy, unhappily).
Exercise 3.4. Translate using link-verbs for highlighted words.
1. Солнце всходило яркое над снежным простором. 2. Он вбежал в комнату возбужденный, и мы притихли, ожидая новостей. 3. Она стояла неподвижно на ступеньках, вспоминая вчерашнее и постепенно мрачнея. 4. Старик сидел в своем кресле прямой и молчаливый. 5. Его сын вернулся из плавания взрослым мужчиной. 6. Дым висел над лесом, черный итяжелый. 7. Сосна стояла высокая и одинокая на вершине скалы. 8. Дети прибежали домой промокшие до нитки. 9. Всю ночь она лежала без сна и ждала его звонка. 10. Огромный зверь упал без движения. 11. Она покраснела, потом почернела и рухнула замертво на холодный пол. 12. Он родился глухим.
Exercise 3.5. Infinitive or gerund.
1. My job is (treat) everyone alike, and (be) courteous, even when passengers are not. 2. But the difficulty was (find) an excuse for absence from home. 3. The place was cheerful and relaxing, it was like (be) warm in bed. 4. My idea was (demand) a fuller explanation. 5. All you can do is (obey). 6. His request meant (go) further than I meant (go). 7. The only thing to do was (explain) who she was. 8. He didn't know what to say, it was like (meet) an unknown brother. 9. All he wanted to do was (sit) and (dream). 10. To love John was like (burn) alive. 11. The first objective was (find) ourselves a suitable house to live in. 12. To say that you're a fool is (put) it very mildly. 13. The loss of his job meant (be) poor again. 14. One of the first things he did was (telephone) his brother. 15. I didn't mean (hurt) you.
Exercise 3.6. Find and analyze predicates.
1. 1. It seemed to me that something was wrong.
2. 2. Now in sleep, he seemed to look thinner than she considered him to be.
3. 3. His feet seemed unwilling to carry him.
4. 4. Jesse kept silent.
5. 5. I kept glancing at my watch.
6. 6. What keeps them dancing till five in the morning.
7. 7. Tell him he must come dead or alive.
8. 8. His dreams came true.
9. 9. Soon I came to realize how wrong I had been.
10. 10. The sheep came flocking into the barn.
11. 11. The state of the patient continued to be grave.
12. 12. They continued their work paying no attention to the slashing rain.
13. 13. The tone of his voice continued dry and cold.
14. 14. The band had been having a rest.
15. 15. We had lunch at a quarter to one.
16. 16. You don't know what you can do until you try.
17. 17. You do love me, don't you, darling?
18. 18. What have you been doing lately?
19. 19. Don't cry! And you'll fall asleep in no time.
20. 20. At last the dogs fell on each other with terrible fury.
Exercise 3.7. Adjective or adverb.
1. Catherine smiled at me very (happy, happily). 2. Two weeks later, I felt very (good, well) myself. 3. I felt (terrible, terribly) when he said it. 4. Suddenly, he turned (giddy, giddily). 5. He sounded (brisk, briskly) and (cheerful, cheerfully). 6. It will sound (strange, strangely). 7. The hay smelled (good, well). 8. Ben fell back (clumsy, clumsily) on the edge of the water-line. 9. I write English (bad, badly). 10. He was looking at me (intent, intently). 11. The pistol felt (heavy, heavily) on the belt. 12. He received the message (mute, mutely). 13. I thought he looked (suspicious, suspiciously).
Exercise 3.8. Translate using the compound nominal predicate.
1. 1. Она выбрала стул с прямой спинкой, и он оказался удобнее других.
2. 2. В конце выступления его голос звучал странно.
3. 3. Тишина стала гнетущей.
4. 4. Он старался казаться бодрым и оживленным, но чувствовал себя совсем больным.
5. 5. Софья оставалась молчаливой весь вечер.
6. 6. Заброшенный колодец совсем высох.
7. 7. Дверь распахнулась, и на пороге появился Майкл.
8. 8. Сохраняйте спокойствие, ничего особенного не произошло.
9. 9. Ткань была мягкой и шелковистой на ощупь.
10. 10. Когда я окрикнул его, он побледнел, как смерть.
11. 11. Он незаметно стоял на пороге, наблюдая, как она прячет письмо.
12. 12. Я вошел в библиотеку здоровым человеком, а выполз оттуда несчастным калекой.
13. 13. Ворота с грохотом захлопнулись за их спиной.
14. 14. Жених проснулся, не понимая, где он находится.
15. 15. Дорога протянулась белой лентой по равнине.
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