VI. Protestant Christianity

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 401.

1. Outline of the lecture

1.History of Protestantism

Protestantism originated in the 16-th century during Reformation. Protestant denominations differ in degree in which they reject Catholic belief and practice.

Common with Catholic and Orthodox Christians: Protestants adhere to the authority of the Bible and the doctrines of the early creeds.

1 out every 4 Christians in the world is a Protestant.

2. Lutheranism

*Founder-

The number of adherents- 82, 6 mln people.

At first, this term Protestant used politically for the states in Germany that resisted to the Edict of Worms. Over time, this term came to be used for the religious movements that opposed the Roman Catholic tradition in the 16-th century.

*Doctrine- 1) Sola Scriptura ( Scripture Alone)-

2)

3)

Sinners cannot do anything to satisfy God's justice. Every human thought and deed is coloured by sin and sinful motives. God has intervened in this world because he loves sinners and does not want them to be damned to Hell and by his grace alone – a person is forgiven, adopted as a child of God and given eternal salvation.

At death, Protestants are immediately taken into the presence of God in Heaven, where they await the resurrection of the body at the second coming of Christ.

Practices.

Great emphasis on worship service: music, hymns, children's choirs.

Pastors usually teach in the common language of the parish. They can marry.

3. Calvinism

Calvinism marks the second stage of the Protestant Reformation. It was originally a Lutheran movement. But in Swiss it developed in a direction independent on Lutheranism. One of the outstanding reformer in Swiss was John Calvin.

Doctrine

Central idea- total dependence of God. Every good thing is there because of God's unmerited grace and salvation especially is dependent on grace.

Calvinism has been called “ worm theology”- humans are but miserable sinners (worms). How a person ought to live: all his life is the outworking of the plan of God- absolute dependence on God.

People in their natural state do not have the ability to turn to God. It is the grace and will of God through the Spirit to reborn dead through the Word. ( The Bible:

“ But a natural man does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; and he cannot understand them”)

4. Anglicanism

The Anglican church is both Catholic ( stressing its continuity with the ancient church) and Reformed / Protestant ( noting that the Church does not accept the universal authority of the Pope.)

Now Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the worldwide Anglican communion, is appointed by the crown of the UK.

2.Questions for test.

1. Causes of Protestant movements.

2. Main trends in Protestantism

3. Main characteristics of Lutheranism.

4. Calvinism.

5. Origin of Anglicanism

3.Glossary

Denomination- вероисповедание

Creed- вероучение

Grace- милость, прощение

Archbishop- архиепископ

Communion- группа людей одинакового вероисповедания

4. Task for IWS.

Sects in Protestantism ( 1) , стр. 224-240

5. Task for office hours

Anglican church ( 1), стр. 221-223

6. Reference

Музафарова Н.И. История религий , стр. 211- 240