Glottis.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 486.

Point per question. Multiple choice or true false.

UNIT 13

1. Phonetics is the study of a. speech sounds

b. language c. distinctive features d.

happiness

2. Saussure noted that differences in

meaning depended upon differences in a.

language changeb. syntagmatic and

paradigmatic differences c. syllables d.

generative rules.

phonetics.

3. Voicing is caused by a. noise b. speech c.

periodic vibrations d. breathing.

4. Correct pronunciation depends on putting

the articulators in the right place at the

right time with the right amount of

breath. True False

5. The space between the vocal cords is a.

the larynx b. the abyss c. the wave d. the

6. Which one is voiced? a. /s/ b. /z/.

7. Voicing is a: a distinctive feature b. an

articulator c. a high-pitched sound d. a

rhyme.

8.Vowels can serve as the a. onset b. coda c. nucleus d. stress of a syllable.

9.Which one is bilabial? a. /p/ b. /f/ c. /v/ d. //ʃ

10. Which one is dental? a. // b. /x/ c. /h/ d. //ʒθ

11. Which one is a tap? a. // b. /n/ c. /m/ d. /l/ ɾ

12. Which one is labial-velar? a. /j/ b. // c. /w/ d.//ɻŋ

13. Obstruents are a. more closed b. more open

14. Sonorants are a. quieter b. louder

15. Consonants are described by a. voicing b.

place of articulation c. manner of

articulation d. all of the above

16. Vowels have height and a. affricates b.

reference c. approximation d. backness.

17. Back vowels tend to be a. rounded b.

spread c. unrounded d. uvular.

18. What is the name for the neutral (mid-

central) vowel? a. null b. schwa c. /a/ d.

Barney

19. Vowel quality refers to the a. length b.

sound c. timbre d. pitch of the vowel.

20. Select the symbol for labialization: a. b.ʵ

c. ^w d. ʰ

21. Coarticulation refers to changes in the

pronunciation of phones due to the

influence of adjacent ones. Truefalse

22. Reduction refers to eliminating sounds to

make pronunciation easier. True false

23. In anticipatory coarticulation the phone

adjusts to be more like a. the preceding

phone b. the following phone.

24. In a reduced syllable, a sonorous

consonant may replace the vowel as

nucleus. True False

25. Reduction is more common in formal

speech. True False

26. Northern English dialects were

subsequently affected by a. Danishb.

Norman French c. Dutch d. Gullah

27. The great vowel shift affected a. southern

b. northern c. western d. eastern dialects.

28. Ablaut is a change in the vowel of

different forms of a word. True False

29. Umlaut is a palatalization of a. back

vowels b. front vowels c. central vowels

30. During the Great Vowel Shift, i changed

to: a.a b. I c. ai d. e

31. Dutch influenced the dialect in a. London

b. Chicago c. New York d. Australia

32. One of the contributors to AAVE was a.

Cockney b. Geordie c. Danish d. Gullah

33. In Cockney, glottal stop is used to

pronounce: a. 'b' b. 't' c. 'k' d. 'q'

34. 34.Which is an approximant? a. /t/ b. /m/ c. /n/ d./j/ /j/ 35. 35.Which is schwa? a. /o/ b. /ǝ/c. /i/ d. /æ

36. Obstruents are a. vowels b. consonantsc. sonorants d. nuclei

37. Plosive is a a. manner of articulation b. place of articulation c. breathy noise d. Scottish

38. Pharyngeal is a.. manner of articulation b. place of articulationc. breathy noise d. Northern dialect

39. Backness is a feature of a. consonants b. coarticulation c. dialects d. vowels

40. Phonemes are phones that form a set of meaningful sounds for a language. TrueFalse

41./ɾ/ is an allophone of 't' True False

42. Fricatives are more open than approximants. True False

43. Dissimilation is the opposite of assimilation. True False

44. /ʰ/ after a consonant indicates a. assimilation b. aspirationc. accent d. anticipation

45. /l/ is always the coda of a syllable. True False

46. A diphthong is a glide between two consonants. True False

47. Rhotacized vowels are like retroflex consonants. TrueFalse

48. Jakobson developed generative rules. True False

49. Which is a vowel? a. /d/ b. /s/ c. /k/ d. /u/

50. Choose the more open vowel: a. /ɪ/ b. /ɛ/

51. Sonorants are a. vowels b. consonants c. obstruents d. nuclei

52. Fricative is a a. manner of articulationb. place of articulation c. breathy noise d. Scottish

53. Uvular is a.. manner of articulation b. place of articulation c. breathy noise d. Northern dialect

54. Height is a feature of a. consonants b. coarticulation c. dialects d. vowels

55. Which formant relates to vowel height (closeness)? a. F0 b. F1 c. F2 d. F3

56. Would the value of F₂ for back vowels be a. smaller b. greater than for front vowels

57. A low F₁ indicates a. closeb. open c neither d. both

58. The beginning of a syllable is the a. onset b. coda c. rhyme d. none of these

59. Besides its segments (phones) an English syllable has duration and a. pitch b. tone c. intonation d. quality

60. Yes-no questions are signaled by a. falling intonation b. rising intonation.

61. Tonic syllables are marked by a. & b. % c. * d. #

62. Unstressed vowels are always a. front b. back c. central

63. Stress is marked by a greater degree of a. tongue movement b. pitch c. neither d. both a and b.

64. English is a a. stress-timed languageb. event-timed c. untimed d. tone-timed.

65. The equivalent ease of articulation mechanism in Kazakh to stress in English is a. tone b. pitch-timing c. vowel harmony d. laxness

66. The principle that balances ease of articulation is a. sufficient perceptual separation b. tenseness c. vowel harmony d. rhyme

67. In English, all segments (phones) have the feature Voicing. True False

68. A segments with the feature + Syllabic could function as a syllable a. onset b. nucleus c. coda

69. The feature tense applies to a. plosivesb. vowelsc. syllables d. tone groups

70. [approximant] is an option for which feature: a. strictureb. voicing c. tense d. lax

71. Features are the most general system for categorizing phonetic objects. True False

72. What is phonotactics? a. permissible sequences of phonemes b. sequences of formants c. sequences of concepts d. dialect variations

73. The intervocalic tap rule would be written as:a. [t] -> [ɾ]/V_V b. [t] -> [Ɂ]/V_V.

74. Contextual features determine the set of a. phonemes b. allophones c. variants d. phones.

75. Phonemic transcriptions are placed within a. // b. [] c. {} d. \\

76. Features may apply to a segment or suprasegmentally.True False

77. The ear is divided into a. three sections b. two sections c. four sections

78.What is the function of the Organ of Corti? a. sound transmission b. frequency separationc. speech articulation

79. Aphasias are losses of skills due to

a. ear injury b. brain injury c. laziness

80. What is the problem with matching speech segments to phonemes? a. aphasias b. noise c. coarticulation

81. According to the motor theory invariant segments can be found ina. motor patternsb. acoustic cues c. neither

82. The direct realist theory differs from the motor theory in that a. vocal tract configurations are matched b. general sound perception abilities are used c. both a and b

83. The general approach is not a theory because it does not have testable predictions. True False

84. Gradually changing voice onset time will result in a. gradual changes in perceptions b. sharp changes at a boundary point c. neither

85.While vowels can be distinguished non-categorically they are categorically assigned to certain phonemes based on first language acquisition. True False

86. Minimal pairs cannot be used to train second-language learners to make new phonemic classifications. True False

87. Schwa would have an intermediate value of F1 and of F2. True False

88. Intonation is a a. segmental feature b. suprasegmental featurec. phonemic d. special

89. The unit for measuring duration is a. Hertz b. secondc. deciBel d. gram

90. The unit for measuring frequency is a. Hertzb. second c. deciBel d. gram

91. The unit for measuring amplitude is a. Hertz b. second c. deciBel d. gram

92. What is a formant? a. frequency peakb. stress c. sonorant d. vowel

93.What is an harmonic? a. multiple of the fundamental frequency b. formant c. stress d. high note

94. What is the inverse of frequency? a. timeb. wavelengthc. cochlea d. motor nerves

95. Which group did not invade Britain a. Jutes b. Angles c. Saxons d. Bantus

96. Which is not an area of phonetics? a. ambulatoryb. articulatory c. auditory d. acoustic

97. Which is not an articulator? a. lip b. velum c. vocal cord d. glottis

98. Which is glottal stop? a. // bʒ. // c. /h/ d.Ɂ //θ

99. Which is retroflex? a. /l/ b. /j/ c. // d. ɻ/w/

100. Frequency means how often something happens. True False