Type I – a vowel in an open syllable

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 548.

PRACTICAL PHONETICS

Remember the following terms:

an alphabet ['ælfəbət] / ABC - алфавит

a sound [ saund ] - звук

a letter [ ‘letə ] – буква

a silent [ ‘sailənt] letter – непроизносимая буква

a letter combination [,kɔmbɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n] - буквосочетание

a vowel ['vauəl] – гласный звук, гласная буква

a consonant ['kɔn(t)s(ə)nənt] – согласный звук, согласная буква

a vowel combination – сочетание гласных букв

a consonant combination – сочетание согласных букв

voiced [ voist ] - звонкий

voiceless [ ‘voisləs] - глухой

a syllable [ ‘sɪləbl ] – слог

an open syllable – открытый слог

a closed syllable – закрытый слог

to pronounce [prə'nauns] – произносить

pronunciation [prə,nʌnsɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n] – призношение

to transcribe [træn'skraɪb] – транскибировать

transcription [træn'skrɪpʃ(ə)n] – транскрипция, транскрибирование

a type of reading – тип чтения

a phonetic symbol [fə'netɪk 'sɪmb(ə)l] – фонетический знак, знак фонетической транскрипции

stress [ stress ] - ударение

stressed [ strest ] - ударный

unstressed [ ʌn'strest ] - безударный

intonation [ ,ɪntəu'neɪʃ(ə)n] – интонация

R u l e s of reading

I. READING OF VOWELS(only stressed vowels*)

*Unstressed vowels are usually reduced and pronounced [ə]. Letter ‘e' in the unstressed position is often pronounced [ I ].

An open syllable is a syllable which ends in a vowel, for example: sto-ne. According to the 1^st type of reading the English vowels are pronounced in the same way as they are pronounced in the alphabet. Letter ‘e' at the end of words is a silent letter, it means it is not pronounced. Letter ‘y' at the end of words is pronounced [ i ] as in lady.

a [ ei ]lake o [ əu ]hope itime

[ ai ]

e [ i: ]be u [ ju: ]tube ystyle

Exercise 1.Read the words.

a [ ei ] fame, make, slave, grape, made, fate, rate, fake, cave, flame, basin, baby;

e [ i : ] be, bee, see, me, we, cede, eve, fete, Pete, fee, tree, delete, complete;

o [ əu ] go, nose, rose, scone, drove, probe, stone, pose, broke, bone, alone, close;

u [ ju:] tube, cube, cute, tulip, due, tune, reduce, fume, mute, music, student, pupil;

i [ ai ] time, lime, slide, smile, kite, pride, dine, drive, lie, divine, dice, wine, vine, site;

y [ai ] my, by, bye, dye, rye, try, sly, fly, dry, cry, rely, deny, style, type.

Exercise 2.Read and transcribe the words.

Blame, pose, pride, Pete, flame, stone, cry, mute, delete, style, lace, basin, fee, dry, trace, broke, cede, lice, sly, cute, male, bone, like, stroke, gave, music, fry, prime, bane, cone, wine, fume, vine, grave, eve, probe, pupil, life, try.

Exercise 3.Write the words.

[ said ], [ pəuz ], [ geit ], [ raiz ], [ rəup ], [ praim ], [ nəu ], [ ‘ beibi ], [ tri: ], [ fi'meil ], [ mail ], [ ləun ], [ tju:n ], [ f i:t ], [ straik ], [ nəut ], [ raip ], [ krəun ], [ wain].

Exercise 4.Read the words and underline those with indicated sounds.

[ ai ] time, mate, be, rise, fly, make, pick, kite, fee, brick, sex, tax, bride, neat.

[ ei ] mile, made, by, model, fame, tune, cave, file, hate, basin, pane, mail, coin.

[ i : ] dine, bee, gate, see, Pete, style, stroke, flow, me, tame, given, copy.

Exercise 5.Read and translate the text. Find the words which are read according to the 1^st type.

Margaret Thatcher (1925- )

She was born above a shop in the small English town of Grantham. Her father, Alfred Roberts, was a grocer. He worked very hard for little money. Margaret also worked hard, and she went to Oxford University, where she studied chemistry. In 1951 she married Denis Thatcher, a rich businessman. They had twins, a girl and a boy. The love of her life was politics. She didn't have much time for other interests. She said she only needed four hours' sleep a night.

She became a politician in 1959, leader of the Conservative Party in 1975, the Prime Minister of Britain four years after that. She had a strong personality. A lot of people were afraid of her, and she was called “The Iron Lady”. In 1984 Irish terrorists bombed her hotel, but she survived. She was Prime Minister for eleven years. She finally resigned in 1990, but she didn't want to, and she was in tears when she left 10 Downing Street.