Part 4. INTERACTION OF SOUNDS: PHONETIC CHANGES

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 649.

· Match:

1.______ (assimilation, dissimilation, harmony of vowels, accommodation, elision, intrusion, metathesis) are caused by the distribution of a phoneme, or its neighboring sounds.

2. ______ (reduction) result from the weak position of a phoneme.

a) Combinatory phonetic changesb) Positional phonetic changes

· Define:

Assimilation.

· Describe:

Assimilation according to its direction.

· Describe:

Assimilation according to the degree of completeness.

· Describe:

Assimilation according to the degree of stability.

· Describe:

Dissimilation and its types.

· Define:

Synharmony, or harmony of vowels.

· Define:

Accommodation.

· Describe:

Elision and haplology vs. intrusion.

· Identify the type of intrusion:

1. The a type of intrusion, when an extra sound is added within a word, e.g. Russ. пельмени */пелемени/ (non-received pronumciation), участвовать */учавствовать/ (NRP), Ukr. референдум */рехферендум/ NRP)

2. The type of intrusion, when an extra sound is added initially, e.g. Latin schola ‘school' became Spanish escuela; Latin octo became Russian восемь. Cf. Russ. Анна and Ukr. Ганна; Ukr. RP (received pronunciation) Умань, аптека, оселедець and Ukr. dialectal Гумань (Умань), гаптека, госеледець.

3. The type of intrusion, when an extra sound is added between two words. A common example in English is the use of intrusive /r/ between vowels in Received Pronunciation when there is no r in spelling, as in law and order/ `lo:r end `o:de/, Africa and Asia /` efriker end `ei e/ ‘Africa and Asia'.

· Define:

Metathesis.

· Describe:

Reduction and its types.

· Define:

Orthoepy (Receved Pronunciation – RP).